黄土高原清水河流域土地类型利用变化及生态系统服务价值分析

为探讨人为干预下黄土高原清水河流域土地利用类型变化及其对生态系统服务的影响,以清水河流域1959,1986和2007年3个时期的土地利用类型为对象,对该流域的生态系统服务价值进行了研究,结果表明:三个时期清水河流域总面积的97%以上为林地、草地和农田;从1959—2007年土地利用表现为林地面积的增加,草地和农田面积的减少;3种生态系统的综合服务价值除废物处理和食物生产外,其他各项服务价值从1959—2007年均表现为递增,增幅由大到小依次为气体调节>原材料>水源涵养>生物多样性保护>土壤形成和保护>气候调节和娱乐文化。由此可见,在追求总生态服务价值的基础上,在该流域不能只追求林地面积的增加,在进行生态环境建设时应充分考虑当地的水资源和经济发展的需要。

Analysis of Land Use Type Changing of Qingshuihe Watershed in Loess Plateau and Ecosystem Service Value

In order to explore land use type changes that were caused by human intervention in Qingshuihe watershed of Loess Plateau and its impact on ecosystem services,the value of ecosystem services was studied with land use type of Qingshuihe watershed in1959,1986 and 2007.Results show that:97% of the total area of Qingshuihe watershed is woodland,grassland and farmland in three times;Land use showed that forest area increased,the area of grassland and farmland decreased;Three kinds of ecosystem service value in addition to the waste disposal and food production,the value of other services from 1959-2007 showed increase,an increase in descending order:gas regulation,raw materials,water conservation,biodiversity protection,soil formation and protection,climate regulation and entertainment culture.Therefore,on the basis of the pursuit of the total value of ecosystem services this watershed could not pursue forest area increase during the construction of the ecological environment but should fully consider local water resources and economic development.