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近自然森林经营是提高我国森林质量的可行途径
引用本文:曾伟生.近自然森林经营是提高我国森林质量的可行途径[J].林业资源管理,2009(2).
作者姓名:曾伟生
作者单位:中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所,北京,100091
基金项目:国家科技支撑计划重点项目 
摘    要:尽管我国森林资源数量位居世界前列,但存在着森林质量较低、人工林树种单一等问题。由于继续增加森林面积的潜力有限,我国发展森林资源的重点应该从面积的增加转移到质量的提高上来。起源于德国的近自然林业理论,体现了"天人合一"的哲学思想,强调人与自然的和谐相处,符合当今世界的发展潮流。用它来指导我国的森林经营实践,可以兼顾森林三大效益,平衡林业利益分配,有利于提高森林整体质量。应该调整和改进我国现有的森林经营模式,对天然林实施择伐经营和结构调控,对人工林进行近自然化改造,从而不断提高森林质量,逐步实现森林资源的可持续发展。

关 键 词:近自然林业  森林经营  森林质量  可持续发展

Close-to-Nature Forest Management: A Practical Approach to Improve the Forest Quality of China
ZENG Weisheng.Close-to-Nature Forest Management: A Practical Approach to Improve the Forest Quality of China[J].Forest Resources Management,2009(2).
Authors:ZENG Weisheng
Abstract:Although the quantity of forest resources in China is in the front rank of the world,there are still some problems such as poor forest stand quality and single species plantations.Because of the limited potential of increasing the forest area,the development of forest resources in China should focus on improving the forest stand quality.The theory of close-to-nature forestry,which originated from Germany,embodies the philosophy of Unity of Heaven and Man,emphasizes the harmony between man and nature and goes with the trend of times.For all of these,it could balance the economic,ecological and social functions and the benefit sharing of forest and improve the forest stand quality when put into the management operation.The current ways of forest management in China should be reformed through selective harvest and structure control for natural forests and close-to-nature modification for plantations to improve the forest stand quality and achieve the sustainable development of forest resources progressively.
Keywords:close-to-nature forestry  forest management  forest quality  sustainable development
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