不同种源多穗柯主要生物活性成分与矿质元素含量变异分析

【目的】阐明多穗柯主要药用活性成分与矿质元素的种源遗传变异规律。【方法】对设置在江西省分宜县多穗柯全分布区的5个种源试验林植株叶部根皮苷、三叶苷、总黄酮、有机碳、氮、磷和钾元素含量进行测定、分析。【结果】不同种源多穗柯叶部根皮苷、三叶苷、总黄酮、有机碳、全氮、全磷含量差异均存在极显著差异(P <0.01)。不同种源根皮苷含量变异范围为16.03~64.35 mg·g-1,三叶苷含量变异范围分别为4.76~29.97 mg·g-1,根皮苷含量变异范围为61.59~81.05 mg·g-1,其中重庆北碚为根皮苷、有机碳、全磷和全氮含量高的种源,与其他种源相比根皮苷含量最高,四川米易三叶苷含量最高,江西分宜总黄酮含量最高。多穗柯根皮苷含量随日照时数增加呈显著降低趋势(P <0.05),三叶苷含量随无霜期增加呈显著降低趋势,总黄酮含量随经度增加呈极显著增加的趋势,随降水量增加呈显著增加的趋势;根皮苷与全氮含量呈极显著正相关关系,有机碳与全钾含量呈显著负相关关系;聚类分析表明,5个多穗柯种源可划分为2个类群,高根皮苷、高总黄酮、低三叶苷类群和低根皮苷、低总黄酮和高三叶苷类群。【结论】多穗柯根皮苷、三叶苷、总黄酮和主要矿质元素含量具明显种源变异,重庆北碚、四川米易和江西分宜的多穗柯为优良种源。

Variation analysis of main bioactive components and mineral element contents of Lithocarpus ploystachyus from different provenances

【Objective】To clarify the genetic variation of the main bioactive active components and mineral elements in Lithocarpus ploystachyus.【Method】The contents of phlorizin, trefoil glycoside, total flavonoids, organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves of five provenance test forests in the whole distribution area of Lithocarpus ploystachyus in Fenyi county, Jiangxi province were determined and analyzed.【Result】There were significant differences in the contents of phloridin, trefoil glycoside, total flavonoids, organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus(P < 0.01). The variation range of content of phloridzin in different provenances is 16.03-64.35 mg·g-1, the variation range of trefoil glycoside content is 4.76-29.97 mg·g-1, and the variation range of phloridzin content is 61.59-81.05 mg·g-1, among which Chongqing Beibei is the provenance with high phloridzin, organic carbon, total phosphorus and total nitrogen content. Compared with other provenances, the content of phloridin is the highest, the content of trefoil glycoside Miyi of Sichuan is the highest and the content of total flavonoids in Fenyi of Jiangxi is the highest.The content of Lithocarpus ploystachyus decreases significantly with the increase of sunshine hours(P < 0.05).The results showed that the content of trefoil glycoside decreased significantly with the increase of frost free period, the content of total flavonoids increased significantly with the increase of longitude, and the content of total nitrogen increased significantly with the increase of precipitation;the content of phloridzin was positively correlated with the content of total nitrogen, and the content of organic carbon was negatively correlated with the content of total potassium;cluster analysis showed that five provenances could be divided into two groups, high phloridzin, high total flavonoids, low triglyceride group and low phloridzin, low total flavonoids;and high triglyceride group.【Conclusion】The contents of phlorizin, trefoil glycoside, total flavonoids and main mineral elements in Lithocarpus ploystachyus have obvious provenance variation. Lithocarpus ploystachyus from Beibei of Chongqing, Miyi of Sichuan and Fenyi of Jiangxi belong to excellent provenances.