赤霉素及多效唑对3种草本花卉花期与株高的影响

采用不同质量浓度的赤霉素与多效唑对3种草本花卉金盏花、雏菊及三色堇的全株进行了喷施处理,分析了其对3种花卉开花起始时间、花期持续时间及株高的影响,主要研究结论是:(1)合适质量浓度的赤霉素喷施具有促使金盏花、雏菊及三色堇提前开花、缩短花期与增加株高的作用,而合适质量浓度的多效唑喷施正好相反,其具有推迟开花、延长花期与减小株高的作用;(2)在一定的范围内赤霉素的质量浓度与3种花卉花期的长短呈显著或极显著的负相关(p<0.05或p<0.01),而多效唑的质量浓度与3种花卉的花期呈正相关,其中三色堇的花期天数与多效唑质量浓度间的相关程度达极显著水平(p<0.01);(3)100 m g/L的赤霉素喷施可使金盏花、雏菊及三色堇分别提前18.0 d、11.0 d和12.4 d开花,并使其花期持续时间分别缩短3.7%、11.0%和18.3%,结实期株高分别增加86.6%、37.0%和101.6%;(4)100 m g/L的多效唑喷施可使金盏花、雏菊及三色堇分别推迟19.7 d、12.0 d和18.4 d开花,并使其花期持续时间分别延长11.0%、38.4%和31.1%,结实期株高分别减小39.4%、53.3%和41.6%.

Effects of Spraying with GA3 or Paclobutrazol on the Flowering and Body Height of Three Herbal Flower Species

The whole plants of three herbal flower species,Calendula officinalis,Bellis perennis and Viola wittrockiana,were sprayed with GA3 or paclobutrazol in different concentrations.The effects of GA3 and paclobutrazol on the starting and ending time of their flowering,flowering duration and body height were investigated.The main results are given as follows.(1) Spraying with GA3 in proper concentration made the three species flower earlier,have shorter flowering duration and higher body height;however,spraying with paclobutrazol in proper concentration only led to the opposite results.(2) The concentration in proper range of GA3 was negatively related with the flowering duration of the three species with notable level P<0.05 or P<0.01 whereas the concentration of paclobutrazol was positively related with the flowering duration of the species of which Viola wittrockiana displayed notable level P<0.01.(3) Spraying GA3 in 100 mg/L to the whole plants of Calendula officinalis,Bellis perennis and Viola wittrockiana made them flower respectively 18.0,11.0 and 12.4 days earlier than the control.The treatment also shortened their respective flowering duration by 3.7%,11.0% and 18.3%,and increased their body height at fruit stage by 86.6%,37.0% and 101.6%,respectively.And(4) Spraying paclobutrazol in 100 mg/L to the whole plants of the three species brought about 19.7,12.0 and 18.4 days of delay to the starting and ending time of flowering.Their respective flowering duration was prolonged by 11.0%,38.4% and 31.1%,and their body height at fruit stage was reduced by 39.4%,53.3% and 41.6%,respectively by the treatment.