细胞松弛素B诱导鲍异源三倍体

用细胞松弛素B（CB）处理受精卵（九孔鲍♀×盘鲍♂）,抑制第二极体释放,诱导异源三倍体.在水温24℃下,分别进行了不同起始处理时间（受精后5~25 min）、不同药物处理浓度（0.2~1.0 mg/L）和不同持续处理时间（5~15 min）的实验.结果表明：受精后10~15 min开始处理的效果较好,平均担轮幼虫成活率为52.07%,平均三倍体率为55.81%;最佳药物处理质量浓度为0.4 mg/L,最佳持续处理时间为10 min,担轮幼虫率为21.43%,异源三倍体率为50.96%;药物空白对照组1（九孔鲍♀×九孔鲍♂）担轮幼虫率为85.38%,二倍体率为95.42%;药物空白对照组2（九孔鲍♀×盘鲍♂）担轮幼虫率为54.37%,二倍体率为75.87%.综合考虑,鲍异源三倍体的适宜诱导条件为：在受精后13 min,即当40%~50%受精卵排出第一极体时,用0.4 mg/L的CB处理10 min.

Allotriploid Abalone Induction by Cytochalasin B

Fertilized eggs crossing between H.diversicolor aquatilis（♀） and H.discus discus（♂） were treated with Cytochalasin B to induce allotriploid by inhibiting the release of second polarbody.Different treatments of CB,including initial treating time（5～25 mins after fertilization）,concentration（0.2～1.0 mg/L） and duration（5～15 min）,were tested at 24 ℃ water temperature,and the trochophora survival rate and ploidy rate were calculated.The optimal initial time was 10～15 min after fertilization,which resulted in 52.07 % survival rate of trochophora and 55.81 % allotriploid percentage.The best combination of concentration and duration was 0.4 mg/L CB with 10 min treatment,which resulted in 21.43 % rate of trochophora and 50.96 % allotriploid percentage.The diploid percentage and survival trochophora rate of the group（H.diversicolor aquatilis♀×H.diversicolor aquatilis♂）were 95.42 % and 85.38 % respectively.The diploid percentage and survival trochophora rate of the group（H.diversicolor aquatilis♀×H.discus discus（♂）were 95.42 % and 85.38 %.Overall,the most effective procedure for inducing allotriploid of H.diversicolor aquatilis（♀）×H.discus discus（♂） was to treat fertilized eggs for 10 min by 0.4 mg/L CB the moment（13 mins after fertilization） when 40 %～50 % fertilized eggs released the first polar body.