棉花出苗及苗期耐盐性指标的研究

通过土壤不同含盐量、土壤不同含盐量与含水量和土壤不同含盐量条件下覆膜种植对棉花出苗及苗期的影响进行了盆栽模拟试验。结果表明:土壤盐分含量不同,对棉花出苗有明显的影响,一般是随土壤含盐量的增加,棉花出苗率递减,棉苗生长也愈差;土壤含盐量对棉花的影响与土壤含水量有关,在适宜的含水量内,土壤含盐量相同时,棉花出苗率随土壤含水量的提高而递增。但在土壤含盐量超过一定限度时,土壤水分增加,并不提高棉花出苗率。土壤盐分相同,土壤含水量过低或过高,均不利于棉花出苗。土壤盐分对棉苗的危害,与土壤含水量也密切相关,一般是随土壤含水量的增加,棉苗受盐害减轻。盐碱土覆膜种植,可有效地提高棉花出苗率。但在土壤盐分含量超过一定范围后,即使覆膜种植,也难以出苗。在覆膜的情况下,棉苗生长发育均随土壤盐分含量增加而减弱。而在土壤盐分含量相同时,则比不覆膜的棉苗生育为优。

Research on the Targets Tolerant Towards Salt in Cotton Emergence and Seedling Stage

Some model pot-culture tests and field experiments in cotton were performed in soils which have various salinities, various salinities and water contents, and various salinities by means of plastic film mulched farming .Some conditions were also noted in cotton emergence and seedling stage. Statistical analysis showed that different soil salinities have some considerable effects on cotton emergence. The general law is that cotton emergence rate falls as soil salinity rises. During cotton growth and development the higher soil salinity is, the worse seedling grows. Within the scope of suitable soil water cotent, the cotton emergence rate increases as the water content increases if the salinity is useless to emergence rate. The damages of soil salinity to cotton seedlings are closely connected water contents. Generlly speaking, the damages of salt become less and less as the water content rises. By means of plastic film mulched cotton farming in salt-affected soils emergence rate may be increased effectively. If soil salinity is beyond the limitation, even with the help of plastic film mulched cotton farming seedlings can't grow out of cotton seeds. For the treatment of the plastic film mulched and the non-plastic film mulched in soil which have different salinities, both growth and development of cotton seedlings become weaker and weaker as the salinity increases. If soil salinity is the same, plastic film mulched cotton seedlings grow better.