家畜粪尿的堆肥化处理技术研究Ⅱ.堆肥材料的发酵特性和氨气挥发

采用通风式堆肥发酵方式研究了牛粪及添加材料的分解特性和堆制过程中氨气的释放规律。结果表明，大约504h牛粪中有机物的分解基本趋于稳定，因此1次发酵时间可定为504h。但由于据末、稻壳等材料分解性较差，添加这些材料后堆肥1次发酵时间可推迟为672h。牛粪堆 肥过程中氨气的释放主要出现在前期，尤其是最初的100h，因此在该期间采取适当措施可防止氮素损失。

Study on composting treatment of livestock wastes Ⅱ.decomposition of composting materials and emission of ammonium

The decomposition of cattle wastes and the additive organic materials used to adjust the water content and aeration condition was studied during composting of livestock waste. Meanwhile, the loss of ammonium during composting was also studied in this experiment. Results indicated that the decomposition of organic matter in cattle wastes become stable about 504 hours later, thus the first-fermentation stage was suggested to be 504 hours. Owing to the fact that the decomposition of saw dust and rice hull was low, the first-fermentation stage could be postulated to 672 hours when using these materials to adjust water content and aeration condition. Emission of ammonium concentrated mainly in the early stage of composting, especially in the first 100 hours from beginning, therefore steps should be taken in this stage to prevent the N loss.