胭脂虫的形态分类及生物学特性概述

对胭脂虫的形态，分类及生物学特性进行了概述，雌成虫卵形或球形，体被白色蜡粉或蜡丝，去蜡后，虫体呈紫红色，头部和胸部愈合，腹部分10节，有很多腺孔，所有的腺孔均为5分室类型，分为窄边孔和宽边孔2类，不同类型腺孔的结构和分布是胭脂虫分类的基础、胭脂虫属于洋红蚧科洋红蚧属，该属含9个种，其体液含红色素，并且只寄生在仙人掌科植物上，雌虫具4个发育阶段；卵，1龄若虫（爬虫），2龄若虫，成虫，雄虫具6个发育阶段；卵，1龄若虫，2龄若虫，前蛹，蛹，成虫。

A Summary of Morphology, Taxonomy and Biology of Cochineal

This paper introduces the morphology,taxonomy and biology of cochineal.Live females may be oval or globular in shape.The body is covered with either a white waxy powder or with long wax filaments that partially or entirely cover the whole insect.When the wax is removed,the insect body appears dark purple-red,The head and thorax are fused and abdomen can be divided into ten segments.There are many pores in the abdomen and all pores are of the quinquelocular type,with five loculi of the same size.The pore are of two types:narrow-rimmed pores and wide-rimmed pores.The structure and distribution of the different types of pores of the female provide one basis for identification of species in this family.The family Dactylopiidae includes only the genus Dactylopius .This genus can be separated from the genera in other families by such characteristics as its red body pigment and its specialization for Cactaceae plants.De Lotto(1974) included a total of nine species in the genus.The female has four developmental stages:egg,first nymplhal unstar(crawler),second nymphal instar,and adult.The male has six stages:egg,first instar nymph,second instar nymph,prepupa,pupa,and adult.