将石自然保护区乌冈栎群落组成与结构分析

乌冈栎群落是广泛分布于中国东部地区的硬叶常绿阔叶林，在植物区系学、植物生态学和古植物学方面具有重要的研究价值。运用植物群落学研究方法，对福建将石自然保护区乌冈栎群落的组成及结构进行研究。结果表明：乌冈栎群落由60种植物组成，隶属于26科42属；种一面积曲线说明，乌冈栎群落的最小群样面积为600m^2，当取样面积为2000m^2时，物种数增加幅度趋于平缓；种一多度格局及Raunkiaer频度定律分析均表明，该群落优势种明显，偶见种较多，物种的个体数少且出现频率低。该群落层次结构简单，乔木层主要物种为乌冈栎、老鼠矢、青冈栎、刺柏、尖叶栎，其重要值分别为34．70％，7．89％，4．34％，3．87％和3．10％；灌木层主要物种为狗骨柴、六月雪、楗木、满山红等，重要值分别为4．09％，3．99％，3．84％和2．87％；草本层和层间植物均较少。乌冈栎种群的径级结构呈正态分布，可依靠中等径级植株作为更新库维持目前的优势地位，加之其分布环境的特殊性，其群落仍是稳定的顶极群落。乌冈栎群落在该地区的分布具有很特殊的意义，保护与利用好乌冈栎林，对丹霞地貌的水土保持及植被恢复有着极为重要的价值。

Analysis on Community Composition and Structure of Quercus phillyraeoides in Jiangshi Nature Reserve of Fujian Province

As a type of evergreen sclerophyllous forest that is widely distributed in the eastern part of China, Quercus phillyraeoides community is of important value in scientific researches on flora, plant ecology and paleobotany. The community composition and structure of Q. phillyraeoides in Jiangshi Natural Reserve of Fujian Province was investigated by means of phytocoenology. The results showed ： （ 1 ） 60 species, belonging to 42 genera, 26 families were identified in this community; 600 m2 was determined as the minimum sampling area for the community by the pattern of species-area curve, the number of species increment tended to slow down when the sampling area reached 2 000 m2. It was indicated by the analyses of species-abundance pattern and Raunkiaer frequency law that the community was characterized by dominant species and many species with low frequency or abundance. （2） Although the community structure seemed to be simple, it could be divided into four stories, i. e. , first, the arbor tree story with dominant species of Q. phillyraeoides, Symplocos stellaris, Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Juniperus formosana, and Quercus oxyphyUa whose important values （IV） were 34. 70% , 7.89% , 4.34% , 3.87% and 3.10% respectively; second, the shrub story that was dominated by Diplospora dubia, Serissa japonica, Loropetalum chinense and Rhododendron dahuriocen whose IV were 4. 09% , 3.99% , 3.84% and 2. 87% respectively; third, there were few species in the herb story and inter-stories. （3） Although the size-class structure of Quercus phillyraeoides population showed normal distribution, it could maintain the dominant position in the community depending on the middle-class individuals as regeneration resource; additionally, the Q. phillyraeoides forest was still the climax community because of its special environment. The distribution of Q. phillyraeoides communities had a special significance for this region, and it was very important for soil and water conservation and vegetation restoration in Danxia landfor