石门国家森林公园不同林分秋季保健功能差异比较和综合评价

开展不同林分保健功能的差异研究和综合评价，能为今后森林康养林的构建与管理提供科学依据。在2019年秋季（9-11月）森林康养旅游高峰期，选取广东省广州市石门国家森林公园中毛竹林、亚热带季风常绿阔叶林、枫香林、杉木林和枫香杉木混交林5种林分，并设置无林地对照组，分析人体舒适度、空气富氧度、负离子保健浓度和植物精气4个指标，采用隶属函数值对不同林分的保健功能进行综合评价。结果表明:1）5种林分的人体舒适度均处于Ⅰ级非常舒适水平，其中杉木林最佳（2.70），无林地对照组处于Ⅱ级舒适水平。2）5种林分和无林地对照组的空气富氧度均处于Ⅱ级较高水平，其中枫香杉木混交林的O₂浓度最高（21.17%），且5种林分的O₂浓度均高于空气中氧气的含量（20.95%）。3）5种林分的负离子保健浓度均处于Ⅲ级较适宜水平以上，其中亚热带季风常绿阔叶林的负离子浓度（7 234个·cm^-3）约为其他林分的3~5倍，处于Ⅰ级很适宜水平，无林地对照组处于Ⅳ级不适宜水平。4）5种林分的植物精气相对含量均较低（<10%），其中亚热带季风常绿阔叶林植物精气的种类和相对含量均显著高于其他4种林分。5）根据隶属函数值大小，不同林分的综合保健功能强弱依次为亚热带季风常绿阔叶林（0.75）＞枫香杉木混交林（0.61）＞杉木林（0.57）＞枫香林（0.46）＞毛竹林（0.44）＞无林地对照组（0.00）。在秋季，5种不同林分的综合保健功能均优于无林地对照组，尤其是亚热带季风常绿阔叶林，非常适合游客进行森林康养游憩。

Comparison and Comprehensive Evaluation of Health Care Function among Different Stands in Shimen National Forest Park in Autumn

The research and comprehensive evaluation of health care function of different stands can provide scientific basis for the construction and management of health care forest in the future.The research was conducted in the fall of 2019 (September to November) that was the peak period of forest therapy tourism.Five different stands together with a non-forest land as the control were selected from Shimen National Forest Park in Guangzhou,including Phyllostachys heterocycla forest,subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest,Liquidambar formosana forest,Cunninghamia lanceolata forest,and L.formosana & C.lanceolata mixed forest.Four indexes were measured or calculated,i.e.,degree of human comfort,oxygen content,negative oxygen ion concentration and atmospheric volatiles.The health care function of different stands was comprehensively evaluated by membership function analysis.The results showed that 1)the human comfort indexes of five stands were all in very comfort level,among them C.lanceolata forest was the best (2.70),and the control group was in the comfort level.2) The oxygen content of five stands and the control group were in level Ⅱ,which belongs to relative high level,among them L.formosana & C.lanceolata mixed forest had the highest oxygen content (21.17%),and the oxygen contents of five stands were higher than the control (20.95%).3) The negative oxygen ion concentrations of five stands were above appropriate level,the subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (7 234 N·cm^-3),which was about 3 to 5 times of other stands was in very appropriate level,while the control group was not in appropriate level.4) The relative contents of volatiles in five stands were all low (<10%),the types and relative contents of the chemical constituents in subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest were significantly higher than other four stands.5) Membership function analysis indicated that the comprehensive health care functions of different forest stands was in the order of subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (0.75)>L.formosana & C.lanceolata mixed forest (0.61)>C.lanceolata forest (0.57)>L.formosana forest (0.46)>P.heterocycla forest (0.44)>control group (0.00).In autumn,the comprehensive health care function of five different forest stands are all better than non-forest control group,the subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest is very suitable for tourists to carry out forest therapy tourism.