3种黑酸枝木材细胞形态特征比较

以阔叶黄檀、东非黑黄檀和刀状黑黄檀3种黑酸枝类木材为研究对象，测定分析试材各类细胞的形态特征和几何参数。结果表明，三者导管细胞长宽比差异不显著，细胞腔大壁薄，木纤维细胞腔小壁厚，东非黑黄檀、刀状黑黄檀长宽比分别为50.67、48.84,远大于阔叶黄檀的38.28;壁腔比刀状黑黄檀最大80.63%,阔叶黄檀次之，75.39%,东非黑黄檀最小，53.09%。木射线横卧细胞，刀状黑黄檀长、宽、高均最大，阔叶黄檀长度最小，东非黑黄檀宽度和高度最小；长宽比东非黑黄檀最大7.92,阔叶黄檀次之5.74,刀状黑黄檀最小5.17。轴向薄壁细胞，刀状黑黄檀长度最大，宽度最小，阔叶黄檀和东非黑黄檀长、宽差异不大；长宽比刀状黑黄檀最大6.36,阔叶黄檀次之4.43,东非黑黄檀最小4.11。阔叶黄檀的结晶细胞含量很少，东非黑黄檀仅偶见结晶细胞，刀状黑黄檀含大量分室含晶细胞；结晶颗粒数量为：刀状黑黄檀>阔叶黄檀>东非黑黄檀。通过对比分析黑酸枝类木材的细胞形态特征，为识别、鉴定此类黑酸枝木材提供参考。

Comparison of Wood Cell Morphological Characteristics of Three Kinds of Dalbergia spp.

The morphological characteristics and geometric parameters of various types of cells in the test woods were determined and analyzed using three types of Dlbergia spp.wood,namely,Dalbergia latifolia,D.melanoxylon and D.cultrata.The results showed that the differences in the length-to-width ratio of vessel element cells were not significant,and the cell lumen was large and thin-walled.The wood fiber cell cavities were small and thick,and the ratio of length to width of D.melanoxylon and D.cultrata were 50.67 and 48.84,which were much larger than that of D.latifolia 38.28; the wall cavity ratio was 80.63% for D.cultrata,75.39% for D.latifolia,and 53.09% for D.melanoxylon.For Wood-ray recumbent cells,the length,width and height of D.cultrata.were the largest,the length of D.latifolia was the smallest,and the width and height of D.melanoxylon were the smallest.The ratio of length to width was 7.92 for D.melanoxylon.5.74 for D.latifolia,and 5.17 for D.cultrata.With regard to axial parenchyma cells,the length and width of D.cultrata.were the largest and the width was the smallest,while the difference in length and width between D.latifolia and D.melanoxylon was not significant.The ratio of length to width of D.cultrata was the largest at 6.36,D.latifolia was the second largest at 4.43,and D.melanoxylon was the smallest at 4.11.Crystalline cells were rare in D.latifolia and only occasionally were found in D.melanoxylon.The number of crystalline grains was in the order of D.cultrata>D.latifolia>D.melanoxylon.By analyzing the cell morphological characteristics of Dlbergia spp.woods,this work provides a reference for identifying and authenticating Dlbergia spp.wood.