龙泉山城市森林公园典型植物群落特征与气候效应研究

植物群落是城市森林公园的基本构成单元，对局地气候环境的形成具有关键性的影响。调研龙泉山城市森林公园典型植物群落，研究不同林分类型的植物群落气候效应，为龙泉山城市森林公园植物群落设计提供依据。采用游憩路线与样地调查相结合的方法，结合立地条件，选择6个典型植物群落样地，在样地范围内开展林内温度、湿度等林内小气候的调查研究。结果表明:1）研究区共有44科71属71种维管束植物，植物资源丰富，但植物种类分布不均匀，草本层对群落物种多样性的贡献最大。2）巨桉+构树-苎麻+八角枫-落葵薯+马唐植物群落空气负氧离子浓度最高，且综合气候效应最佳，巨桉+楠木-八角枫-求米草+凹叶景天和香樟+银杏-盐麸木-马唐+蛇葡萄植物群落分别在降温增湿和空气颗粒物浓度等方面效果最明显。

Characteristics of Typical Plant Communities and Climate Effects in Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park

Plant community is the basic unit of urban forest park,which has a key impact on the formation of local climate and environment.This paper investigated the typical plant communities in the Longquan Mountain Urban Forest Park,and studied the climate effects of plant communities of different forest types,so as to provide the basis for the design of plant communities in the park.Six typical plant community plots were selected to investigate the microclimate in the forest,such as temperature and humidity,by using the methods of recreation route and sample plot investigation combined with site conditions.The results showed that 1) there were 71 species of vascular plants belonging to 71 genera and 44 families in the study area,which were rich in plant resources,but the distribution of plant species was uneven,and the herb layer contributed the most to the species diversity of the community.2) Europhylla grandis×E.urophylla+Broussonetia papyrifera-Boehmeria nivea+Alangium chinense-Anedera cordifolia+Digitaria sanguinalis had the highest negative oxygen ion concentration in the air,and the comprehensive climate effect was the best.The plant communities of E.grandis×E.urophylla+Phoebe zhennan-A.chinense-Oplimenus undulatifolius+Sedum emarginatum and Cinnamomum camphora+Ginkgo biloba-Rhus chinensis-D.sanguinalis+Ampelopsis glandulosa had the most obvious effects on cooling,humidification,and air particulate retention.