基于图像处理的疏透度测定及结构关系研究

为快速、准确地测定防风林林带疏透度，建立林带疏透度与林带结构因子间的关系模型，为防风林建设及调整提供合理化意见。使用图像处理技术对获取的防风林林带照片进行自动识别，通过Otsu算法自动将树木实体区域和孔隙区域分割，从而测定林带疏透度。并采用相关性分析和逐步线性回归法建立疏透度与林带结构因子间的关系模型。结果表明，采用Otsu算法测定林带疏透度的方法与图像处理软件(Photoshop)测定结果无明显差异，该方法操作简单、效率高，能够快速、准确测定防风林林带疏透度。防风林疏透度与林带行数、棵数、枝下比例、株行距、密度存在显著性相关关系，构建疏透度与林带行数、密度间的关系模型:β=-0.060 1N-0.065 8ρ+0.810 9(R²=0.961 3,P=0.000 29)。根据建立的防风林林带疏透度与林带结构因子间的关系模型，可对防风林的建设提供科学合理化的指导，使其发挥更好的防护效应。

Image Processing Based on the Measurement of Opacity and Structural Relationship

The objectives of this study were to quickly and accurately measure the porosity of windbreaks,to establish a relationship model between shelterbelt porosity and the structural factors of forest belts,and to provide rationalization opinions for the construction and adjustment of windbreaks.Image processing technology was used to automatically identify the acquired windbreak forest photos,and the Otsu algorithm could automatically separate the physical and porous areas of the tree to determine the porosity.Correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression were adopted to establish a relationship model between porosity and the structural factors of the forest belt.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the method of measuring porosity of forest belts and the image processing software(Photoshop) by using Otsu algorithm.The method was simple and efficient,and could quickly and accurately determine the porosity of windbreak forest.There existed a significant correlation between the porosity of windbreak and line number,the number of tree,branch proportion,plant spacing,and density.The relationship between porosity and the number of rows and density of forest belts was constructed:β=-0.060 1N-0.065 8ρ+0.810 9(R^2=0.961 3,P=0.000 29).According to the established relationship model between the shelterbelt porosity and the structural factors of the forest belt,it could provide scientific and rational guidance for the construction of the windbreak,so that it could play a better protective effect.