陕北红碱淖湿地遗鸥资源分布与保护管理对策

鄂尔多斯繁殖群作为自然界中的全球遗鸥的最大种群,其对遗鸥有效种群(全部繁殖个体的总量)的保有量应占全球总量的60%以上。陕西省榆林市神木县红碱淖湿地的遗鸥数量从2000年调查报告初步估计的约200只发展到了2005年测定的11 000多只,形成了世界上最大的遗鸥繁殖种群。红碱淖湿地不仅挽救了鄂尔多斯种群,并为其发展成为全球最稳定、最庞大、最富生机的种群奠定了良好基础,因此,对其进行保护具有重大意义。在研究红碱淖湿地遗鸥种群的资源分布及保护意义的基础上,详细介绍了“保岛护岸”、建立保护观察站等保护红碱淖湿地及其遗鸥种群所采取的多样综合管理措施,为湿地保护及发展提供借鉴。

Larus Relictus Resource Distribution at Hongjiannao Lake in the North of Shaanxi and Protectin Countermeasures

The relict gull Ordos subpopulation,the biggest breeding population of relict gulls in the world,took at least 60 percentage of the insurance quantity of the whole available colonies in the world. Recently,Hongjiannao lake in Shenmu county,with amelioration of its environment for the strong protection of wild animals and wetland resources,has become the biggest reproducing region for relict gull populations in the world.The containing number of relict gulls at Hongjiannao lake have developed from about 200 in 2000 to more than 11 000 in 2005.Hongjiannao lake gives a new chance to the relict gull Ordos subpopulation and established the foundation for Ordos subpopulation to develop into the biggest,most stable and most living population in the world.The protection of this lake has its great significance.Based on the relict gull distribution at Hongjiannao lake and its protection significance, varies of manage policies,including the "protect island and bank" policy and establishment of watch station,and so on,were introduced in details,which is significant for the protection of wetlands.