种植不同牧草对渭北苹果园土壤肥力的影响

对渭北苹果生草园和清耕园土壤理化分析结果表明,生草平均降低0～40cm土壤容重6．5％,增加田间持水量7．19％,显著地增加0～20cm土壤有机质,禾本科牧草每年增加0．1％,豆科牧草增加0．15％。同时,生草降低了0～40cm土层全N、全P、全K含量,牧草、苹果在该土层存在养分竞争,应在生产中加强对牧草的施肥管理,但生草能提高该土层水解N、速效P、速效K的含量,有利于苹果对营养元素的吸收,且禾本科牧草活化有机P的能力强于豆科,而豆科牧草提高水解N强于禾本科。在渭北苹果园生草中开展不同种类牧草混作和轮作有利于发挥不同牧草的作用功能。

Effects of Planting Different Herbage on Soil Fertility of Apple Orchard in Weibei Areas

Analysis on physical and chemical properities of evenly soil interplanted with herbage of apple orchard and CK showed that the soil density was reduced by 6.5% and the capacity of soil holding water increased by 7.19% in the 0~40 cm soil layer, The content of soil organic matter in 0~20 cm soil layer was increased obviously, grass family herbage by 0.1% per year and the pule family herbage by 0.15% per year.Planting herbage in the apple orchard decreased the content of tatal N?toal P? total K indicated that nutrient competition existsed between herbage and apple in this soil layer. there fore fertilizer should be strengthened applying for the herbage. But ofter planting herbage the content of hydrolytic N,available P and available K in the 0~40 cm soil layer was increased. This benefits to nutrient absorption of apple.The grass family herbage activated organic P more effectively than the pule family herbage. The pule family herbage increased hydrolytic N better than the grass family. So interplanting and rotation of different herbage are benefit to playing the affect of different herbage on soil fertility in apple orchard in Weibei areas.