基于生长性状育种值和遗传多样性构建福建柏第1代核心育种群体

福建柏是优良的用材树种，遗传改良和发展利用很有必要，但其育种群体尚未建立。该研究利用127株福建柏优树开展20 a自由授粉子代测定估算生长性状育种值，结合群体遗传多样性构建福建柏第1代核心育种群体，以期为交配创新种质提供亲本材料，提高优良品种选育效率。结果表明，优树生长性状具有丰富的遗传变异，树高、胸径和单株立木材积的狭义遗传力介于0.214 7~0.308 5，分别有19.75%、32.38%和28.56%的遗传变异源自家系间。狭义遗传力与广义遗传力比值介于0.464 1~0.587 5，后向选择优树能获得稳定的生长遗传增益。依据单株立木材积育种值和EST-SSR分子标记特征值迭代筛选出41株优树构成第1代核心育种群体，观察杂合度0.359 8，Shannon信息指数1.322 8，等位基因数6.545 5，有效等位基因数3.306 9。核心育种群体的单株立木材积育种值是第1代育种群体的1.63倍，并保留了第1代育种群体73.58%的遗传多样性。

Construction of the 1st Generation Core Breeding Population for Fokienia hodginsii Based on Growth Breeding Value and Genetic Diversity

Fokienia hodginsii is an excellent and important timber tree species.Genetic improvement,development and utilization of F.hodginsii are very necessary,but its breeding population has not been established.In order to provide parents for mating innovative germplasm and improve the breeding efficiency of new cultivars,the 1^st generation core breeding population of F.hodginsii was constructed by measuring and estimating the growth breeding based on 20-year open-pollinated progeny test of 127 plus trees,and by combing with population genetic diversity.The results showed that there were abundant genetic variations on the growth of plus trees.The narrow-sense heritability of tree height (H),diameter at breast height (DBH) and volume (V) ranged from 0.214 7 to 0.308 5.In addition,19.75% (H),32.38% (DBH) and 28.56% (V) of the genetic variations came from families,respectively.The ratio of narrow-sense heritability to broad-sense heritability was between 0.464 1-0.587 5,indicating that the backward selections of plus trees could obtain stable growth genetic gain.According to the volume breeding value and the characteristic value of EST-SSR molecular markers,41 plus trees were considered as the 1st generation core breeding population.And the observed heterozygosity of the core breeding population was 0.359 8,the Shannon information index was 1.322 8,the number of alleles was 6.545 5,and the number of effective alleles was 3.306 9.Finaly,the volume breeding value of the core breeding population was 1.63 times that of the 1^st generation breeding population,and 73.58% of the genetic diversity of the 1^st generation breeding population was retained through the core breeding population.