乌审旗土地利用时空动态演变分析

以乌审旗1996-2020年5期遥感影像为基础数据源，ENVI5.3.1与ArcMap软件为平台，运用土地利用动态度、转移矩阵、土地利用程度空间自相关及土地利用类型重心迁移等研究方法，分析其土地利用变化时空演变规律。结果表明:1）1996-2020年乌审旗土地利用类型中沙地面积显著减少（-854.89 km²），主要转移为草地，面积变化幅度最大与年变化率最大的均为林地，分别为310.29%和12.41%。2）土地利用率呈稳步上升趋势，呈现高度的空间相关性与空间集聚性；乌审旗北部多为土地利用程度的低值集聚区，南部多为土地利用程度的高值集聚区。3）1996-2020年间，盐碱地重心迁移距离最大，草地迁移距离最小，沙地与盐碱地和耕地同向迁移，与林地、草地反向迁移。

Spatio-temporal Dynamic Evolution of Land Use in Wushen Banner

Based on the five-period remote sensing images of the Wushen Banner from 1996 to 2020,ENVI5.3.1 and ArcMap software were used as the platform,we applied the methods of land use dynamics,transfer matrix,land use degree spatial autocorrelation and land use type center of gravity migration research to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of the shift of the priorities in land use.The results showed that 1) from 1996 to 2020,the area of sandy land decreased significantly (-854.89 km²) and mainly shifted to grassland.The largest change range and annual change rate of forest land were 310.29% and 12.41%,respectively.2) The land use rate of the Wushen Banner presented a steady upward trend,showing a high degree of spatial correlation and spatial agglomeration.The northern part of the Wushen Banner was the low value agglomeration area of land use degree,and the southern part was the high value agglomeration area of land use degree.3) From 1996 to 2020,the distance of the center of saline alkali land was the largest.On the contrary,the grassland was the smallest.Sandy land moved in the same direction with saline alkali land and cultivated land,but in the opposite direction with woodland and grassland.