福建省稻瘟病菌生理小种的研究

1977年全国稻瘟病菌生理小种联合试验组推荐各省和自治区试用的7个初选鉴别品种,测定结果证明在我省是适用的,缺点是缺少高抗品种。为此,我们筛选出窄叶青8号(籼稻)和城堡1号(粳稻)两个品种作辅助鉴别品种。

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RACE OF RICE BLAST FUNGUS(PYRICULARIA ORYZAE CAV.)IN FUJIAN

In 1977,seven different varieties,Tetep,Zhenlong 13,Sifeng 43,Dongnong 363,Kanto 51,Hejiang 18,and Ligionsintuanheigu,were proposed to carry on further tests through all provinces and autonomous regions of China by All China Coorporation of Research on Physiological Races of Rice Blast Fungus.The result of this investigation shows that this set of different varieties was suitable in Fujian province except that the high resistant variety was wanting.In order to meet the demand of two highly resistant varieties,Zhayeqing 8 and Chengbao 1 were screened and considered as the auxiliary different varieties. In 1978-1980,309 isolates from monoconidial cultures collected from 32 dis- tricts(eities)of seven regions in Fujian were identified as seven Chinese differ- ent varieties and two auxiliary different varieties.It shows that the isolates can be divided into 7 groups with 38 races and 12 biotypes,among which race Zhong G_1 is widely distributed and appears in high frequency,indicating that it is the dominant race in Fujian;among 12 biotypes,biotype ZB_(15)-M_3 appears in high frequency. The results indicate that the races of rice blast fungus appear clear differences in geographic distribution.The more virulent races occupy the prominent place in the northern region and north-western region of Fujian,among which Zhong B group is the dominant race group.The less virulent races remain predominant in the southern region spreading to the plain of eastern seacoast in this province, among which Zhong G group is the one dominant. There are many different virulent races in the same variety or in different rice varieties grown in the same area and also many different virulent races in e same rice variety grown in different regions,The monoconidial isolates obtained from the resistant varieties mostly belong to the more virulent races. The monoconidial isolates obtained from the susceptible varieties are more complicated than that from resistant varieties.The former ones contain different virulent races,however,the majority belong to the group of native dominant race.Besides,problems on the variability and the virulence of rice blast fungus wer ealso discussed.