番鸭性别控制的研究

本试验在福建农业大学种番鸭场进行．用了３种处理方法；（１）以外源激素分别用浸泡、涂种和喷雾的方法处理番鸭受精蛋；（２）用精氨酸溶液（５．０、２．５ｍｇＬ－１），睾丸组织匀浆及芳香化酶抑制剂（５．０、２．５ｍｇＬ－１）作为性控液分别灌注母鸭产道和稀释公鸭精液；（３）用芳香化酶抑制剂（５．０、２．５ｍｇＬ－１）涂抹种蛋．结果表明：性激素处理法可使胚胎性别分化发生倾向性改变，其中已烯雌酚处理组明显提高雌性比例（Ｐ＜０．０５），３种处理方法的雌性百分比分别为：（７５．８±３．５）％、（７９．３±３．５）％和（７５．５±１．８）％；其他几种激素处理效果不明显（Ｐ＞０．０５）．用性控液灌注母鸭产道和稀释精液，其中精氨酸组雄性百分比略有提高，分别为（５８．２±１．５）％和（５９．２±１．１）％；而睾丸组织匀浆组却使雌雏增多，雌性百分比分别为（５６．７±２．１）％和（５６．３±３．８）％，但二者与对照组均无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；芳香化酶抑制剂处理组极显著提高雄性比例（Ｐ＜０．０１），各处理组雄性百分比分别为（７５．４±７．４）％和（８４．４±１．５）％，比对照组（４９．７±３．５）％分别提高２５．７％和３４．７％，也明?

Sex control of muscovy duck

The experiment was carried out in the Breeder Duck Farm of Fujian Agricultural University. Three ways such as using hormones to treat the fertilized eggs by the methods of immersion, painting and spraying;infusion of oviduct in female duck and dilution of semen from drakes using arginine solution (5.0, 2.5 mg·L-1),testes tissue homogenate and aromatase inhibitor (5.0, 2.5 mg·L-1) respectively, as well as painting the fertilized eggs with aromatase inhibitor (5.0, 2.5 mg·L-1) were adopted .The results showed that using exogenous sex hormones to treat the fertilized eggs could modify the embryonic sex differentiation tendentiously. The percentage of female was raised significantly by treating with diethylstilibesterol (P<0.05),the average percentages of the female by three different methods were (75.8±3.5)%,(79.3±3.5)%, and (75.5±1.8)% respectively. The effects of other hormones were not significant (P>0.05).In the experiment of infusion of oviduct and dilution of semen, it seemed that arginine solution could raise the proportion of male slightly, the percentage of male for each treatment was (58.2±1.5)% (oviduct infusion)and (59.2±1.1)%(semen dilution)respectively,while testes tissue homogenate could increase the proportion of female, the percentage of female for each treatment was (56.7±2.1)% (oviduct infusion) and (56.3±3.8)% (semen dilution) respectively. But there were no significant difference between these two treatments and control group (P>0.05). Infusion of oviduct in female duck and dilution of semen from drakes with aromatase inhibitor could significantly increase the percentage of male (P<0.01),the average percentage of male for each treatment was (75.4±7.4)% (oviduct infusion) and (84.4±1.5)% (semen dilution) respectively, 25.7% and 34.7% higher than that of control group, and even higher than those of the group in which the eggs was treated with aromatasc inhibitor (61.7±0.4)% by painting. Moreover,there were no adverse effects on fertility and hatchability of eggs.