野败型杂交籼稻恢复基因的遗传研究

以花粉可育率作指标,野败恢复系具有两对恢复基因 R_1R_1R_2R_2。R_1表现完全显性作用,R_2表现不完全显性作用和累加作用,F_2群体的育性分离比为13:2:1。等位测验表明,太引1号的 R_1基因与 IR24的 R_1基因是等位的。以结实率作指标,恢复系具有两对恢复基因 F_1F_1F_2F_2。F_2群体的育性分离比为9:6:1,恢复基因表现积加作用而无数量效应。等位测验表明,太引1号的两对恢复基因 F_1F_1F_2F_2与 IR24的两对恢复基因 F_1′F_1′F_2′F_2′互为等位。花粉可育率与结实率是两种不等而有相关的育性性状。自交结实率高的植株花粉可育率也高,但花粉可育率高的植株未必都是结实率高的植株,花粉可育率为零的植株无自交结实能力。因此,在选育恢复系时应以结实率作为育性指标,在选育或“提纯”不育系时应以花粉可育率作指标。恢复基因的遗传与穗颈节间中的酯酶同工酶谱无明显关系,与过氧化物酶同工酶谱的关系也不明显。

STUDIES ON THE INHERITANCE OF RESTORING GENES FOR THE WILD-ABORTIVE CYTOPLASMIC STERILITY IN RICE(O.SATIVA SUBSP.HSIEN TING)

A preliminary genetic analysis on the restoring genes in the combina- tions of the wild-abortive cytoplasmic sterile line V41A with the restorer Taiyin No.1 and IR24 was investigated.Significant differences from the ex- periment were observed between stained pollen rate and seed setting rate em- ployed as the indexes for plant fertility in F_2 ahd BC_1 populations.The respective distributions of fertilizability in the 2 F_2 populations showed satisfactory fits to 13(fertile):2(semi-fertile):1(sterile)ratio taking stained pollen rate as an index,indicating that there were 2 pairs of res- toring genes known as R_1R_1 and R_2R_2 in the 2 restorers;but 9:6: 1 ratio if seed setting rate was employed as an index.Furthermore, there were 2 pairs of restoring genes known as F_1F_1 and F_2F_2 in the 2 restorers.Observations from the BC_1 populations confirmed that the above investigation was reliable.Allelism tests showed that both Taiyin No.1 and IR24 had a pair of allelic genes R_1 R_1 which had more important effect on the fertility than R_2R_2 and that both Taiyin No.1 and IR24 had 2 pairs of allelic genes,F_1F_1 and F_2F_2.This paper also showed that the zymograms of the peroxidase and esterase in the rachis internode had no relationship with the fertilizability of plants. Comparing the above results obtained,the author suggested that seed setting rate was preferred as a better index to stained pollen rate in breed- ing restorers and multiplicating seed of hybrid rice,while stained pollen rate showed much better as an index in breeding and purifying male sterile lines.