杂交稻外观品质性状的遗传控制

采用双列杂交设计,研究不育系和恢复系(各5个)均为优质背景下,杂交稻外观品质性状的遗传,结果表明:杂种稻米外观品质主要受遗传控制,遗传效应可解释表型方差的64%以上,且遗传效应均以加性效应为主.其中,透明度母体加性效应(VAm)占绝对优势;米粒长、长宽比、垩白率和垩白度则以种子直接(胚乳)加性效应(VA)为主.与遗传效应相比,基因型×环境互作效应则小得多.其中,垩白率、垩白度、透明度3性状的互作方差(VGE)占表型方差比重较大,分别达到35.1%、31.3%和27.1%.因此,这些性状对环境较敏感,但不同基因型的敏感程度不同.

Genetic analysis for appearance quality characters in indica hybrid rice

Five CMS and five restorer lines were used to make incomplete diallel crosses to investigate the inheritance of 5 appearance characters, including kernel length (KL), length/breadth ratio (LBR), chalky rice percentage (CR),chalky score (CS) and kernel translucency (KT), in high quality indica hybrid rice. The results presented as follows: (1) The genetic variation (V_G) for each of 6 characters accounted for more than 64% of phenotype variation,indicating that all of appearance quality were mainly controlled by genetic effect.(2) The genetic effects of all characters were mainly attributable to maternal additive(V_(Am))and direct additive (V_A), with maternal additive effect predominating for KT,while direct additive effect dominating for KL, LBR, CR and CS. (3) Among 5 characters,the genotype×environment effect (V_(GE)) for CR, CS and KT was higher, which accounted for 35.1%, 31.3% and 27.1% of phenotype variation respectively.