籼型三系杂交水稻穗颖花数和茎秆特性的遗传分析

采用包括基因型×环境互作效应的加性 -显性 -加性×加性上位性遗传模型和统计方法 ,研究籼型三系杂交水稻穗颖花数和茎秆特性的遗传特点 .结果表明 ,所研究的 7个性状除了穗颈粗外 ,其余 6个性状均以加性效应和加性×加性上位性效应占主导地位 ,遗传率较高 ,在杂交早代选择效果较好 .穗颖花数与穗长、茎粗、茎基抗折力间具有极显著的正向加性相关关系 .另外 ,穗颖花数除了与秆型指数表现极显著的负向加性×加性上位性相关外 ,与其他 5个性状均呈极显著的正向相关关系 .在利用杂种优势方面 ,茎基抗折力和株高这两个性状较明显 ,其次为穗颖花数 ,第三为穗长和茎粗 .从对亲本的综合评价看 ,不育系以冈 4 6 A为最优 ,恢复系以明恢 6 3为最优 .

Genetic analysis of the number of spikelet per panicle and culm traits in three-lineindica hybrid rice

Genetic studies were conducted on the number of spikelet per panicle (NSPP) and the culm traits inthree-line indica hybrid rice, by using genetic models for additive-dominant-additive × additive epistasis includinggenotype × enviroment (GE) interaction. Genetic expressions of the traits were mainly controlled by additive andadditive × additive epistasis effects and the heritabilities were high except panicle neck thickness (PNT). Therefore the selecting effect should be better in early hybridization generation. There were significantly positive additive correlations between the traits i.e. the NSPP and the panicle length (PL), culm thickness (CT), breakingstrength of based culm with leaf sheaths (BSBCLS). In addition, significantly positive additive × additive epistasis correlations were detected between the traits for the NSPP and the plant height (PH), PL, PNT, CT, BSBCLS and there was a significantly negative additive × additive epistasis correlation between the NSPP and theculm type index(CTI). BSBCLS and PH performed the most significant effect when used in heterosis, followedby NSPP, PNT and CT was the third. According to synthetical evalution on parents,Gang 46A was the best ofsterile lines, Minghui63 was the best of the restoring lines.