籼型三系杂交晚稻稻米品质性状杂种优势的遗传分析

以6个籼型野败三系不育系为母本,5个晚籼恢复系为父本,进行不完全双列杂交,采用朱军提出的禾谷类作物种子数量性状的遗传模型和统计分析方法对杂交晚稻稻米品质性状的杂种优势进行遗传分析.结果表明:在杂交晚稻组合F2代稻米的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、粒长、长宽比、垩白粒率、垩白度、透明度、碱消值、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量等11项品质性状中普遍存在正向平均优势;除碱消值和直链淀粉含量外,也比较普遍存在正向超亲优势.并提出了在进行三系杂交晚稻组合品质育种时,合理利用有利的正向杂种优势和避免不利的正向杂种优势的建议.

Genetic analysis of heterosis for grain quality traits in late indica hybrid rice

Six CMS(Fuyi A etc.) and five late-restorer lines(Minghui 63 etc.) were used to make incomplete diallel crosses for analysing the heterosis of grain quality traits in late indica hybrid rice,using seed quantitative traits genetic models and analysis methods developed by Zhu Jun in cereal crops.The results presented as follows: the 11 traits had universal positive average superiority,including percentage of brown rice,percentage of milled rice,percentage of head rice,kernel length,length/breadth ratio,percentage of chalky grain,chalkiness,translucency,gelatinization temperature,gel consistency and amylose content.There were also existing generally positive heterobeltiosis,except gelatinization temperature and amylose content.It was proposed how to utilize the advantaged positive heterosis,and how to avoid the disadvantageous positive heterosis for grain quality breeding in three-line late indica hybrid rice.