福建杂交早稻高产栽培技术研究

通过杂交早稻的组合、施氮量、基本苗和秧龄对产量效应的研究表明:威优64具有最高的产量,杂交早稻每公顷以插基本苗90万、施纯氮量187.5公斤以下为宜;在稀播条件下,35天以内的秧龄均适宜。通径分析表明:杂交早稻要获得高产,必须抓住每公顷有效穗与每穗饱粒数这两个因素,使有效穗、穗粒数、结实率和千粒重之问达到最大的协调。为此,本文提出了要使杂交早稻每公顷产7500公斤的群体动态、库源关系等指标。

STUDIES ON THE HIGH-YIELD CULTURE TECHNIQUES OF THE EARLY HYBRID RICE IN FUJIAN

This paper studies the effects of hybrid varieties, N application, total seedling number and seedling ages on the yield of the early hybrid rice cultivated in Fujian. Weiyou 64 is found to be the highest-yield variety. The study on the high-yield cluture techniques shows that the best way is to transplant about 900,000 seedlings per ha, apply less than 187.5 kg N/ha and restrict the seedling age at not over 35 days from the seedbed.The path analysis indicates that the number of effective panicles per ha and grain number per panicle are two important components contributing to early hybrid rice production. Efforts must be taken to coordinate the relations among the effective panicles per mu, grain number per panicle, seedsetting rate and grain weight so as to obtain high yield. For obtainning 7500 kg grain per ha, some indices of the population structure in various growth stages are suggested as follow; Total number of seedlings 750,000-1,050,000, not over 4,800,000-5,400,000 maximum tillers and 2,850,000 3,300,000 effective panicles per ha; about 27g/1000-grain and over 100 filled grains per panicle. To make these indices realized, N, P, K rate of 1:0, 5-0, 7:0, 7-1 is recommended, especially under the application treatment of 150-187.5 kg N/ha. In addition to the basal application and top application at the tillering period, proper top-dressing at the early panicle development stage as well as the ripening stage (15-20% of total applied fertilizer) are necessary.