籼型杂交稻碾磨、外观品质性状的杂种优势分析

以具有广泛代表性的4个不育系和8个恢复系为材料,采用NC 交配设计研究了9个碾磨品质和外观品质性状的杂种优势及其相关性.结果表明,垩白粒率、垩白度、糙米率、精米率和整精米率表现正向中亲优势,糙米长、糙米宽、糙米长宽比表现负向中亲优势,糙米厚无中亲优势.垩白粒率和垩白度的中亲优势最大.垩白粒率、垩白度、糙米率和精米率表现正向超亲优势,整精米率、糙米长、糙米宽、糙米厚和糙米长宽比表现负向超亲优势.垩白度的超亲优势最大.相关分析表明,在糙米率、精米率、整精米率、垩白粒率和垩白度性状方面,F1杂种与其亲本值间无相关性,而除了垩白粒率外,与中亲优势和超亲优势间的相关均表现显著或极显著的正向水平.降低糙米长的超亲优势可明显增加整精米率的超亲优势,提高糙米长、糙米宽和糙米长宽比的超亲优势可明显增加垩白粒率和垩白度的超亲优势.

Heterosis analysis of milling and appearance quality traits in indica hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.)

12 popular elite indica parents including 4 CMS lines and 8 restorers were chosen to study the heterosis and its correlation in 9 milling and appearance quality traits of rice by using NCⅡ mating approach. The results showed that the positive mid-parent heterosis were discovered in chalky grain rate (CGR), chalkiness (CH), rate of brown rice (BRR), rate of milling rice (MRR) and head milled rice (HRR), and the reverse was true in brown rice length (BRL), brown rice width (BRW), and ratio of brown rice length to width (LWR), and no mid-parent heterosis was discovered in brown rice thickness (BRT). The mid-parent heterosis for CGR and CH was highest in all quality traits. The positive heterobeltiosis was discovered in CGR, CH, BRR and MRR, and negative heterobeltiosis was found in HRR, BRL, BRW, BRT and LWR. The heterobeltiosis for CH was highest in all quality traits. The correlation analysis showed that no correlation for BRR, MRR, HRR, CGR and CH was detested between F_1 and female parent, male parent, mid-parent and high-parent, but, in all quality traits except the CGR, significant positive correlation was discovered between F_1 and mid-parent heterosis and heterobeltiosis. When the heterobeltiosis of BRL reduced, that of HRR could significantly increased, whereas the heterobeltiosis of BRL, BRW and LWR increased, that of CGR appeared to be significantly improved.