水稻两用不育系的籼粳类型、发育感光性和光敏核不育性的相互关系

两系稻育种实践显示 ,以农垦 58s为光敏核不育基因源转育成的籼稻两用不育系大多是温敏型的 ,而光敏型籼稻两用不育系又大多表现为发育的感光性 ,在籼粳类型、发育感光性与育性转换的光敏特性三者之间似乎存在一定联系 .为探索这一问题 ,以杂种 F1花药培养获得的 2个光温敏不育系群体 一个为随机选育的不育系群体 ,记为 DHS;另一个为育种获得的 (偏 )籼型不育系群体 ,记为 Hs]为材料 ,对上述 3种特性及其相互关系进行了初步研究 .结果表明 ,所有 Hs株系皆为 (偏 )籼型 ,而 DHS株系籼型和粳型皆有 ,但以中间型居多 .DHS和 Hs中约有一半株系表现出一定程度的发育感光性 ,且绝大多数株系的育性转换特性为光温互作型 .在总共 39个株系中 ,仅发现 3个为光敏型 .其中 Hs- 9和 DHS- 2 4的育性光敏效应极显著 ,其温敏和光温互作效应几乎不存在 ,表现为单纯的光敏型 ;DHS- 38的光敏和温敏效应显著 ,但互作效应不显著 ,表明其育性转换可能同时受到光长和温度的独立控制 .未发现单纯的温敏不育型以及发育感温的光敏不育型 .在DHS和 Hs群体中 ,3种特性间相互独立 ,但发育感光性和育性转换的光敏性之间存在一定程度的正相关 .以上研究结合育种实践表明 ,将光敏核不育基因重组到籼稻背景中是可行的 ,而培育早籼光敏不

Relationships between the subspecies type, photoperiodism and photo-sensitivity offertility transformation in genic male sterilerice

Rice breeding practice has shown that most indica type enviormental sensitive genic male sterile lines bred by introducing the photo sensitive male sterile gene from Nongken 58s are thermo sensitive, and most of the photo sensitive indica type male sterile lines display photoperiodism. This implies that there may be some associations among the characteristics of subspecies type, photoperiodism and photo sensitivity of fertility transformation. To understand this problem, we carried out an experiment to study the relationships between the three characteristics using two populations of photo and/or thermo sensitive sterile lines (one consisting of randomly selected lines, designated as DHS; the other consisting of purposely selected indica type lines, designated as Hs) constructed by F 1 anther culture in rice. Results showed that all the Hs lines were of indica type, while the DHS lines varied from indica type to japonica type, with most belonging to the middle type. In both the DHS and the Hs populations, about half of the lines exhibited somewhat photoperiodism, and nearly all lines showed photo thermo interaction in male fertility transformation. Only 3 out of all the 39 DHS and Hs lines were photo sensitive. Among them, Hs 9 and DHS 24 showed extremely significant photo sensitivity but little thermo sensitivity and photo thermo interaction; while DHS 38 seemed to be controlled by both photoperiod and temperature independently in fertility transformation because it showed significant photo sensitivity and thermo sensitivity and non significant thermo sensitivity and photo thermo interaction. No typical thermo sensitive male sterile type and typical photo sensitive sterile type with non photoperiodism were found. No significant correlations between the three characteristics were detected in both populations, although there was a positive correlation to some extent between photo sensitivity of fertility transformation and photoperiodism in development. These results indicate that it is relatively easy to introduce photo sensitive genes into indica rice but relatively difficult to breed photo sensitive male sterile lines of early indica rice.