油脂对泰和乌骨鸡生产性能和肌肉脂肪酸组成的影响

探讨了在日粮中添加不同油脂对泰和乌骨鸡肌肉中脂肪酸含量和组成、生产性能和常规肌肉品质的影响.80只8周龄的泰和乌骨鸡分成4组,分别饲喂基础日粮(CK)、4%鱼油、4%豆油、4%棕榈油3种试验日粮,为期3周.结果表明,在日粮中添加4%鱼油,与CK相比,鱼油能降低肌肉和血清的胆固醇含量(P<0.05).添加鱼油可以明显提高C22∶5(n-3)和C22∶6(n-3)多不饱和脂肪酸的量,与其它3组相比差异极显著(P<0.01);同时对于C18∶3(n-3)和C18∶4(n-3)多不饱和脂肪酸的量也有明显的改善作用(P<0.05和P<0.01).添加油脂可以提高肌肉中C14∶0和C16∶0(P<0.05)的含量,而对于总饱和脂肪酸的含量没有影响.而添加鱼油,还可以降低肌肉中C18∶2(n-6)脂肪酸的含量,提高C18∶3(n-6)、C22∶4(n-6)和C22∶5(n-6)不饱和脂肪酸的含量,与CK相比,差异都达到显著水平(P<0.05).与其它3组相比,添加鱼油可以降低肌肉中总(n-6)多不饱和脂肪酸的含量(P<0.05).同时,添加鱼油组的肌肉中的(n-3/n-6)的比例为0.246,能够满足人们的营养需要.

Effects of oils on the production performances and fatty acids composition of Taihe silky fowl

This paper investigates the effects of adding different oils to the feed on the production performances and fatty acids composition in the meat of Taihe silky fowl. The 80 fowls of 8 weeks old were randomly divided into 4 groups and fed with basic diet,basic diet added with 4% fish oil,basic diet added with 4% soybean oil and basic diet added with 4% palm oil for 3 weeks,respectively.The results showed that: adding 4% fish oil to the diet decreased cholesterol in muscle and serum(P<0.05) and increased(C22∶5(n-3)) and C22∶6 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids in the meat,and there was an extremely significant difference compared with the other three groups(P<0.01),meanwhile,C18∶3(n-3) and C18∶4(n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids were also higher than the other three groups(P<0.05 and P<0.01).Supplemented oils could enhance C14∶0 and C16∶0(P<0.05),but it did not affect the total saturated fatty acids in the meat.Compared with control group,adding fish oil could lower the C18∶2(n-6) level,but increase the C18∶3(n-6),C22∶4(n-6) and C22∶5(n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids in the meat(P<0.05),furthermore,it also could lower the total n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids level and enhance the total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids level in the meat,which resulted in the improvement of the ratio of n-3/n-6 to meet the need of human nutrition.