甘蔗离体培养的变异机理及筛选技术 Ⅲ.游离氨基酸对生物大分子及绿苗分化综合效应的多元分析

对甘蔗组培绿苗分化过程中的游离氨基酸组分和含量进行的主分量分析表明,不同培养基或不同品种供体下的第一主分量均为中性氨基酸,贡献率达40％—66％,并且中性氨基酸处于转化状态比处于积累状态对绿苗分化更为有利。而第一、二主分量共同表明丙氨酸—丝氨酸族、天冬氨酸族和谷氨酸族的效应较为重要,但在不同培养基中所起的效应有所差异。通径分析表明各类氨基酸对于不同培养基和不同供体对绿苗分化所起的直接和间接作用不尽相同。而同一品种在同一培养基分化过程中对绿苗分化率、核酸及蛋白质含量起主要直接作用的氨基酸种类和排列顺序是很相似的,相似程度越大,绿苗分化率越高。本试验在MS培养基分化过程起主要直接作用的是甘氨酸和蛋氮酸,而在N_6培养基中的是赖氨酸,苏氨酸和亮氨酸。

Variant Mechanism and Selective Technique in Sugarcane Tissue Culture Ⅲ. Multi-Analysis for Synthetic Effects of the Free Amino Acids to Biomacromolcules and Plantlet's Differentiation

The multi-analysis of types and contents of 16 free amino acids in the plantlet's differentiation in sugarcane tissue culture was conducted. The results indicated that first principal components were neutral amino acids in the different media or explants, the contribution rate was 40%-60%, and the neutral amino acids in transformation state were more beneficial to the plantlet's differentiation than in the accumulation state. The first and second principal components all showed that the effects of alanine—serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid families were important, but the effects were differed in different media. The path analysis showed that the direct and indirect effects of free amino acids during the plantlet's differentiation were different. In same variety and medium the types and permutation sequence of free amino acids to came into principal direct action in the rate of plantlet's differentiation, contents of nucleic acid and protein were similar. The more similar they are, the better plantlets will grow. The amino acids to play a direct role in MS medium during plantlet's differentiation were glycine and methianine, and were lysine, threonine and leucine in N_6 medium.