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基于GIS的广东干旱逐日动态模拟与评估
引用本文:王春林,董永春,李春梅,黄珍珠,何健.基于GIS的广东干旱逐日动态模拟与评估[J].华南农业大学学报,2006,27(2):20-24.
作者姓名:王春林  董永春  李春梅  黄珍珠  何健
作者单位:1. 中国科学院,华南植物园,广东,广州,510650;广东省气候与农业气象中心,广东,广州,510080
2. 广州国际专业气象台,广东,广州,510080
3. 广东省气候与农业气象中心,广东,广州,510080
基金项目:广东省科技计划;广东省气象科研项目
摘    要:参考帕默尔(Pahner)旱度模式中土壤水分平衡概念,提出以逐日气温和降水资料,逐日滚动模拟土壤有效水分,并以下层土壤有效含水量构建干旱强度动态指数(DDI).借助GIS技术和包括经度、纬度、海拔、坡度、坡向5个环境因子的地理订正模型,对离散DDI资料进行1km空间分辨率的精细化反演,能够清晰刻画地形、地貌对干旱程度空间分布的影响.结合土地利用信息,开发业务系统,实现对广东干旱发生、发展及其强度、范围的实时动态监测和评估,为选择合适的时机和地点开展人工增雨作业提供指挥决策依据,并对作业效果进行定量评估.

关 键 词:干旱  干旱指数  地理订正  GIS技术  动态监测
文章编号:1001-411X(2006)02-0020-05
收稿时间:2004-11-16
修稿时间:2004-11-16

Guangdong Drought Daily Dynamic Simulation and Evaluation Based on GIS
WANG Chun-lin,DONG Yong-chun,LI Chun-mei,HUANG Zhen-zhu,HE Jian.Guangdong Drought Daily Dynamic Simulation and Evaluation Based on GIS[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2006,27(2):20-24.
Authors:WANG Chun-lin  DONG Yong-chun  LI Chun-mei  HUANG Zhen-zhu  HE Jian
Institution:1. South China Batanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Science,Guangzhou 510650,China; 2. Guangdong Climate and Agrometeorology Center, Guangzhou 510080, China; 3. Guangzhou International Specialised Weather Services, Guangzhou 510080, China
Abstract:According to the concept of soil-moisture-balance in Palmer-drought-model,daily drought index(DDI) is defined by available water content(AWC) below level soil.AWC was simulated day by day using daily data of temperature and rainfall. Based on GIS technique and geographic correction model with 5 environmental factors of longitude,latitude,height above the level,grade and slope of terrain, drought spatial distribution with relative high resolution of 1 km was made from scatter data of DDI of 86 stations,which could reflect the effect of terrain factors to drought distribution with more detail.Combined land data,an operation system was developed to monitor and evaluate the occurrence,development,severity degree and distribution of the drought dynamically,and to provide decision-making and evaluation for manmade-rainfall operation.
Keywords:drought  drought index  geographic correction  GIS technique  dynamic watching
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