新、老大豆品种冠层产量和光合作用的比较

对10个新、老大豆品种冠层产量和光合作用的研究表明,新品种的产量显著高于老品种(P0.01),新品种产量主要集中在冠层的中上部,而老品种的产量则以冠层中部最大,冠层上部、下部产量较低且相差不大.新品种植株叶面积和叶面积指数高于老品种,但差异不显著.新品种叶片的光合速率高于老品种,同时,新品种冠层不同部位叶片光合速率差异较小,老品种冠层不同部位叶片光合差异较大,特别是下层叶片净光合速率下降较大;由于新品种的叶面积指数和单位叶面积的净光合速率高于老品种,新品种的光合能力显著高于老品种,特别是冠层下部的光合能力得到了显著改善.

Comparison on Yield and Photosynthesis in Canopy in Modern and Old Soybean Cultivars

The yield and photosynthesis of canopy with ten modern and old soybean cultivars were studied.The results showed that the yield of modern cultivars were obviously higher than old cultivars(P<0.01),the yield of modern cultivars mainly were concentrated on upper layers and middle layers,but the middle layers yield of old cultivars was the biggest,the upper layers and lower layers yield was lower and no obvious difference in two layers.Leaf area and leaf area index of modern cultivars was higher than that of old cultivars,but no obvious difference.Leaf net photosynthetic rate of modern cultivars was higher than that of old cultivars,at the same time,leaf net photosynthetic rate in different parts of modern cultivars have little differences,leaf net photosynthesis rate in different canopy of that of old cultivars have biggest the differences,especially,the lower layers leaf net photosynthetic rate was decreased obviously;Because the net photosynthetic rate and leaf area index of modern cultivars was higher than that of old cultivars,the photosynthetic ability of modern cultivars obviously higher than that of old cultivars,especially,the photosynthetic ability in lower layers has significantly improved.