水稻空间诱变特异矮秆突变体CHA-1变异特性研究

针对籼稻品种特华占经高空气球搭载空间诱变后产生的稳定特异矮秆突变体CHA-1，研究和考察了其主要的农艺、经济以及生理性状的变异特性．结果表明：与原种特华占相比，突变体CHA-1在多个性状上同时发生了正向或负向变异，其中株高明显变矮，单株穗质量、穗长、第一枝梗数、实粒数、结实率、千粒质量、谷粒宽和着粒密度明显发生了负向变异，但有效穗数明显增多，谷粒长宽比增大．CHA-1在开花习性上与原种相比变化不大，但其柱头外露率有所增加，花粉育性和生活力都有所降低，花粉粒大小呈现出大、中、小3种类型的变异．

Characters variation of special dwarf mutant CHA-1 induced by space environment in rice

Characters variation of a special dwarf mutant CHA1,selected from the induced generation derived from rice cultivar Tehuazhan after space treatment carried by the high space balloon,were studied.The results showed that: Compared with its original Tehuazhan,the main agronomic and economic characters of CHA-1 showed strong variation.The plant height was decreased obviously.The grains mass per plant,panicle length,per panicle spikelets,filled grains per panicle,seed setting ratio,1000-grain mass,grain width and the density of growing grains were occurred negative variation.But the positive variation were found in the characters of panicle number and grain length-width rate.The flowering habit of CHA-1 was normal,but its stigma exsertion rate increased slightly while the pollen fertility and the vigour of pollen decreased compared with its original.The pollens size of the mutant appeared three types: large,middle,and small.CHA-1 was a special dwarf mutant with high apparent grain quality.