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云南古茶园与常规茶园小气候特征比较研究
引用本文:张一平,刘洋.云南古茶园与常规茶园小气候特征比较研究[J].华南农业大学学报,2005,26(2):17-21.
作者姓名:张一平  刘洋
作者单位:中国科学院,西双版纳热带植物园,云南,昆明,650223
基金项目:云南省省院、省校合作项目 (澜沧县景迈万亩古茶园保护与可持续利用研究 )资助
摘    要:对单一种植的常规茶园和天然林下的古茶园茶叶萌芽期小气候观测资料的对比分析表明:古茶园由于有高大树木的遮蔽,减弱了阳光的直接照射,其冠顶光照强度远小于常规茶园和旷地;并且造成古茶园昼间的树冠附近热力效应呈现负值,降低了茶树近旁气温;而夜间的热力效应呈现正值,起到保持茶树近旁的气温的作用.常规茶园由于没有其他树木的遮蔽,其光照强度与旷地接近,导致白天茶树近旁气温高于旷地,而夜间低于旷地,显示了不同种植方法对茶树近旁气温的影响是十分显著的.水汽压常规茶园昼问高于古茶园,而夜晚低于古茶园;相对湿度则是昼间常规茶园低于古茶园,夜晚高于古茶园.由此可知,古茶园光照较弱、昼间平均气温低、夜间平均气温高,日较差较小,湿度适中,适合于茶树生长,有利于茶树体内物质的形成和积累,导致茶叶品质的提高,乃是古茶园能够长期维持较好品质的原因之一.

关 键 词:古茶园  常规茶园  小气候特征  云南  比较研究
文章编号:1001-411X(2005)02-0017-05

A comparative research on microclimate characteristics between ancient tea plantation and conventional tea plantation in Yunnan Province
ZHANG Yi-ping,LIU Yang.A comparative research on microclimate characteristics between ancient tea plantation and conventional tea plantation in Yunnan Province[J].Journal of South China Agricultural University,2005,26(2):17-21.
Authors:ZHANG Yi-ping  LIU Yang
Abstract:Microclimatic measurements were conducted in the conventional tea plantation and ancient tea plantation at the germination moment of tea plants in Yunnan Province in Jan. 2003. Through the comparative research, the findings are as follows: Light intensity above the canopy of ancient tea plantation was far less than that above the canopy of conventional tea plantation and in the clearing. In the ancient tea plantation, thermal effect around the crown was negative and the quantity of heat flaw away from environment to the crown in the daytime, which depressed the air temperature around the tea; thermal effect presented positive around the crown and the quantity of heat was transferred from the crown to the environment at night, which had an effect on keeping air temperature around the tea. As there was no shield in conventional tea plantation, the air temperature around the crown was higher than that in clearing in daytime and lower than that in clearing at night. Water vapor pressure in conventional tea plantation was higher than that in ancient tea plantation in the daytime and lower than that in ancient tea plantation at night; moreover, they were on the contrary to the results of relative humidity. So, in the ancient tea plantation, light intensity was lower; air temperature of ancient tea plantation was higher in the daytime and lower at night; the diurnal range of temperature wasn't remarkable; the relative humidity was moderate. All the characteristics as mentioned above played a great role in tea growing and matter forming and accumulating within tea plant, which led to the improvement of tea quality and to some extent might be reasons that tea in ancient tea plantation kept good quality in the long time.
Keywords:ancient tea plantation  conventional tea plantation  characteristic of microclimate  Yunnan
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