东京黄檀种子形态和播种品质的产地差异

【目的】研究东京黄檀Dalbergia tonkinensis种子形态和播种品质间的产地差异,以期初步选出优良种质,为进一步的遗传改良提供基础。【方法】以东京黄檀为研究对象,对引自越南的10个产地47个家系的种子开展形态测定和播种发芽试验。【结果】东京黄檀种子长、宽、厚的变异幅度分别为10.22~15.43、5.76~8.56、1.59~2.56mm;千粒质量变幅为64.90~153.73 g;发芽率最高的是Gia Lai产地,达72.6%,其次是Bǎc Ninh产地,为69.4%,最低的是Huê产地,为30.0%。产地间种长、种宽、千粒质量、发芽势、发芽指数存在极显著差异,厚宽比、发芽率达到显著差异水平,以种厚和长宽比在产地间的差异为最小;产地内不同家系种长、种宽、种厚等性状的差异显著。产地间种子千粒质量变异远远高于产地内家系间的变异,前者种子千粒质量变异幅度为72.410~139.671 g,后者种子千粒质量变异幅度为76.77~118.11 g。发芽率与千粒质量及种子宽度呈极显著正相关,千粒质量、种长和种宽与海拔和日照时数呈极显著正相关。聚类分析结果显示,东京黄檀不同产地可划分为3个主产区。【结论】种子大小及比例是影响种子发芽健康至关重要的因素。东京黄檀种子产地可划分为3个区。

Variations in morphology and sowing quality of Dalbergia tonkinensis seeds from different provenances in Vietnam

Objective] To investigate the variations in morphology and sowing quality of Dalbergia tonkinensis seeds, and provide a basis for elite germplasm selection and further genetic improvement .Method]Morphology and germination of D.tonkinensis seeds of 47 families collected from 10 prove-nances in Vietnam were studied .Result] Seed length ranged from 10.22 mm to 15.43 mm, seed width ranged from 5.76 mm to 8.56 mm, seed thickness ranged from 1.59 mm to 2.56 mm and 1 000-seed mass ranged from 64.90 g to 153.73 g.The seeds from Gia Lai provenance had the highest germination rate of 72.6%, followed by those from B|'c Ninh of 69.4% germination rate , and the seeds from Hu ê had the lowest germination rate of 30.0%.Analysis of variance revealed that seed length , seed width , 1 000-seed mass , germination potential and germination index had highly significant differences ( P <0.01 ) among provenances .Seed germination rate and seed thickness/width ratio had significant differ-ences (P<0.05) among provenances.Seed thickness and seed length/width ratio had the lowest differ-ences among provenances.There were also significant differences in seed length, seed width, and seed thickness among different families within individual provenances.The variability in 1 000-seed mass among provenances which ranged from 72.410 g to 139.671 g was much higher than the variability in 1 000-seed mass among families within individual provenances which ranged from 76.77 g to 118.11 g.Seed germination rate had highly significant positive correlation with 1 000-seed mass and seed width . Seed length, seed width and 1 000-seed mass had highly significant positive correlation with altitude and hours of sunshine .Cluster analysis indicated that the production areas of D.tonkinensis could be divided into three major regions .Conclusion]Seed size and seed proportion are the key factors affecting seed ger-mination.Three major production regions of D.tonkinensis can be divided in Vietnam .