28个香蕉品种果实性状评估

为了评估我国香蕉品种的农艺学表现，于亚热带地区气候条件下，在3年2茬种植期内，对28个香蕉(Mumspp．，AAA Group，‘Cavendish’)品种的果穗形状、果穗质量、果梳数、果指数、果指长度、粗度、弯曲度等性状进行了比较．结果表明，‘高脚遁地蕾’、‘威廉斯’、‘巴西蕉’等的果穗较匀称，矮把蕉的果穗尖削度较大；第一茬株产20～30kg，第二茬株产约提高5kg，‘矮脚遁地蕾’2茬蕉的总株产(73．8kg)比‘巴西蕉’和‘威廉斯’高21％．各品种果梳数7～9梳，总果指数140～170条，头梳的蕉指数25～30条，质量4～7kg，均是尾梳的2～3倍；果指长度20～22cm，粗度偏大(约40咖)．综合来看，一些地方品种如‘矮脚遁地蕾’等的株产、穗形、果指长度和果指形状等比引进品种更具优势．

Evaluation of fruit characteristics of twenty-eight Cavendish subgroup banana cultivars (Musa spp., AAA Group)

In order to evaluate the agronomic performances, fruit bunch shape, mass, hand number, fruit length and diameter and finger curvature of twenty-eight Cavendish cultivars were compared in the first crop and the second (ratoon) crop under subtropical conditions during a period of 3 years. Fruit bunches of 'Gaojiao Dundilei', 'Williams' and 'Baxijiao' were more cylindrical while those of dwarf Cavendish were more conical. Yields in the planting crop and the first ratoon crop were 20 to 30 kg and 30 to 35 kg per tree, respectively. 'Aijiao Dundilei' had the highest yield of 73.8 kg per tree in two crops, 21 percent higher than the introduced cultivars like 'Baxijiao' and 'Williams'. Hand number was varible between 7 and 9, with total fingers of 140 to 170. The first hand consisted of 25 to 30 fingers and weighted 4 to 7 kg in a bunch , which were double or triple that of the last hand. Finger length of first hand was between 20 and 22 cm whereas finger diameter was bigger than normal standard (around 40 mm). A few local cultivars like 'Aijiao Dundilei' and 'Gaojiao Dundilei' were comparable with introduced cultivars in yield, bunch shape, finger length and shape.