密集烤房非金属耐火材料供热设备的设计及烘烤效果

【目的】解决烤烟密集烤房418型换热器易腐蚀、使用寿命短等问题,优化密集烤房供热设备的结构和性能。【方法】选用一种传导性优良的非金属耐火材料制作换热器,其结构为圆形横向双列管道,3层排布,同一纵向平面的3条换热管呈现S形连通,并配以一次性加煤方拱型火炉(炉盖为铸铁)。以金属供热设备为对照,研究密集烤房非金属材料供热设备的性能及烘烤效果。【结果】空载下采用非金属材料供热设备密集烤房的升温速度(5.36℃·h~(-1))显著低于对照的(21.73℃·h~(-1)),但降温速度(1.28℃·h~(-1))缓慢,表明其温度稳定性能好,在3个烘烤关键温度点(38、42、55℃)也呈现同样趋势;在烘烤过程中非金属材料供热设备密集烤房平面及垂直温差较小;与对照相比,中部叶、上部叶烘烤的综合热效率分别提高12.42%和6.74%,煤耗分别降低22.50%和15.13%,烤后每千克干烟均价分别提高0.84、0.20元,中上等烟比例高,节能提质效果显著。【结论】试验采用传导性优良的非金属耐火材料制作的供热设备具有良好的烘烤性能,且耐腐蚀,可为烤烟密集烤房供热设备的更新提供依据。

Design of nonmetallic refractory heating equipment in bulk curing barn and its baking effects

Objective] To overcome the defects of 418-type heat interchanger in bulk curing barn, such as being susceptible to corrosion and having short service life, and to optimize the structure and perform-ance of heating equipment in bulk curing barn.Method] A nonmetallic refractory material with high conductivity was choosen to make the heat interchanger.The heat interchanger was structured with three layers of circular horizontal dual pipelines and three heating interchange pipelines in the same vertical plane were connected by an S-shape connector.The heat interchanger was equipped with a squared and vaulted stove ( with a cast iron cover) feeding disposable coal.Using bulk curing barn with metal heating equipments as the control, the performances and baking effects of the nonmetallic refractory heating equipment in bulk curing barn were studied.Result]The heating rate of bulk curing barn installed with the nonmetallic refractory heating equipment ( 5.36 ℃· h-1 ) was significantly lower than the control (21.73 ℃· h-1 ) without loading tobacco, while its cooling rate was slower than the control.The results showed that bulk curing barn installed with nonmetallic refractory heating equipment showed great tempera-ture stability and the trends at three key point temperatures(38,42,55 ℃)were the same.Its plane and vertical temperature difference was less than the control during curing.Compared with the control, the heat efficiencies of baking the middle and upper tobacco leaves increased by 12.42% and 6.74%, the coal consumption rates reduced by 22.50%and 15.13%, the average prices of the dried tobacco leaves after curing increased by 0.84 and 0.20 yuan per kilogram respectively, the proportion of medium-high grade tobacco leaves increased, and the effects of energy saving and quality improving was obvious in the bulk curing barn with nonmetallic refractory heating equipment.Conclusion]The heating equipment made of nonmetallic refractory material with high conductivity has excellent baking performence and high corrosion resistant, and can be applied for heating equipment update in bulk curing barn.