小麦品种对日长反应的研究

采用13个小麦品种于人工控光和广州自然光5级日长下，先后于1985年和1987年年份两年共7期播种，盆栽和田间试验结合，结果表明冬性品种有严生格的出穗临界日长，但日长变化对出穗迟早影响极微；春性和半冬性品种未发现有出穗临界日长，但长日出穗促进率大，春性和半冬性品种出穗的光温联应方程为y=a-b1x1-b2x2，即出穗日数随日长增长温度升高而缩短，但华南春性品种出穗受日长影响大于受温度影响，而四川、 宁夏春性及山东半冬性品种3受温度影响则甚于受日长的影响，冬性品种方程为y=a-b1x1 b2x2，即出穗日数随日长随长而缩短，随温度升高而增加，温度影响较日长影响大，文章还探讨了日长结合温度对小麦生育期、穗粒性状等的作用。

STUDIES ON RESPONSE OF WHEAT CULTTVARS TO THE DAYLENGTH

13 of wheat cultivars were subjected to 4 artificial daylength treatments at ranging 10,12. 5,15, 24 hours and natural daylength in Guangzhou. The experiments were made in the winter of 1985 and 1987, which had 3 and 4 sowing date, respectively. The results are shown as follows: winter varieties strictly had the critical heading daylengtns (CHD), and presented a stabler heading days under the daylength longer than CHD. The CHD was not discovered in the spring and semi-winter varieties, but the heding date was found much earlier in longer daylength treatments. The heading date of spring varieties from South China or Sichang province or Ninxia Hui atonomous region and of semi-winter varieties from Shandong province had a relation with the daylength and temperature as such equation expressed, y = a-b1X1-b2X2. And the heading date of the spring varieties from South China were mor sensitive to the daylength than the temperature. In contrast the spring varieties from Sichang and Ninxia and the semi-winter varieties from Shandong were sensitive to the temperature. The relation of heading date with daylength and the temperature in the winter varieties were expressed in the equation: y=a-b1X1+b2X2. It showed that the heading date was more affected by temperature than by daylength. Some effects of the daylength to wheat growth duration and yield components were also discussed in the artical.