沼渣沼液穴贮在樱桃栽培中的应用效果研究

用沼渣秸、 秆等制成蓄水保肥材料,将其蓄足沼液后埋置在果树根区,可有效改善果树的水肥供应.为验证沼渣沼液穴贮在樱桃栽培中的应用效果,在大田试验中设置了对照(CK)、蓄水保肥材料蓄足清水并浇灌清水(BR)、蓄水保肥材料蓄足沼液并浇灌沼液(BS)3个处理.结果表明,BR及BS处理对填埋沟周围土壤水分的提高和保持具有较强的影响,埋置30天内,有效提高了离填埋沟60 cm范围内的土壤水分含量;BR及BS处理均能显著增加樱桃树的短枝率及总枝量,改善果树营养状况;与对照相比,BS处理使樱桃树的单株产量增加21.76%,单果重增加28.89%;BS处理使土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾等营养的成分含量显著增加,土壤营养状况得到有效改善.与BS处理相比,BR处理的有益作用有所降低,表明沼渣沼液穴贮可改善果园水肥营养状况,具有较高的推广价值.

Application of Landfill Composed of Biogas Residue and Slurry in Cherry Production

In order to explore the effects of landfill composed of biogas residue and slurry on the improvement of soil nutrients and cherry fruit yield, three treatments:control (no landfill), landfilling with biogas residue and water (BR), landfilling with biogas residue and slurry (BS) were conducted in a cherry orchard. The results showed that compared with the control, soil water content around the landfills with a radius of 60 cm within 30 d was increased in BR and BS treatments. The percentage of short shoots and the total number of shoots of cherry trees were also significantly increased by BR and BS treatments; the cherry fruit yield per tree and the single-fruit weight in BS treatment were increased by 21.76% and 28.89%, respectively.In addition, BS treatment obviously improved the contents of soil organic matter, soil available nitrogen, soil available phosphorus, soil available potassium and other nutrients. The positive effects of BR treatment on the improvement of soil nutrients and cherry fruit yield were lower than those of BS treatment, indicating that the combined use of biogas residue and biogas slurry as landfill can improve the soil water and fertilizer status in orchards, and thus can be promoted in the cultivation of fruit trees.