超级杂交稻茎秆形态结构及其与抗倒性的关系研究

以6个超级杂交稻组合为材料,研究了其茎秆形态和解剖结构及其与抗倒性的关系.结果表明.抗倒伏能力较强的杂交稻品种具有基部伸长节间较短、茎秆基部较粗的形态特征;超级杂交稻倒伏指数与茎秆基部第1,2,3伸长节间长度呈极显著正相关,与茎秆基部壁厚以及基部第2伸长节间小维管束数目和面积、大维管束面积和维管束总面积均呈显著负相关,而与株高和茎秆基部长、短轴直径相关不显著.说明缩短基部节间长度、增加茎秆基部壁厚和基部伸长节间维管束面积和数目,能增强超级杂交稻茎秆抗倒伏能力.

Stem Morphological Structure of Super Hybrid Rice and Its Relationship with Lodging Resistance

The stem morphology and anatomical structure of rice,as well as their relationship with lodging resistance,were studied with six super hybrid rice varieties as the tested materials.The results showed that the rice varieties with stronger lodging resistance were characterized by shorter basal elongated internodes and thicker stem base.The lodging index of hybrid rice was positively correlated with the lengths of the first,second and third basal elongated internodes (P＜0.01) and was negatively correlated with the thickness of basal stem wall and the number and area of small vascular bundles,the area of large vascular bundles and the total area of vascular bundles of the second basal elongated internode (P＜0.05).The correlations between lodging index and plant height,maximum culm diameter of stem base and minimum culm diameter of stem base were not significant.It indicates that the lodging resistance of super hybrid rice can be improved by shortening the length of basal elongated internodes,thickening the wall of stem base and increasing the number and area of vascular bundles of basal elongated internodes.