宁杂21号不同种植方式效益比较

以杂交油菜新品种宁杂21号为材料,采用大面积生产上常见的3种移栽种植和2种直播种植方式,在高产栽培条件下研究不同种植方式的产量水平和经济效益,分析比较不同种植方式的用工、农资和农机成本,探索降低生产成本、提高经济效益的途径。结果表明,5种种植方式都能取得高产,平均产量达到3 282.30 kg/hm2,变幅为2 899.50~3 642.00kg/hm2,虽然移栽种植的产量水平和总产值分别高于直播种植429.25和2 189.18元/hm2,但直播种植的生产成本低于移栽种植2 098.81元/hm2,经济效益基本持平。试验结果还表明在油菜生产成本中,人工成本占60%以上,其中收获用工成本又占人工成本的50%左右。因此,在目前生产条件下,应用直播种植、机械收获,可有效降低生产成本,提高油菜经济效益。

Comparison of Benefits from Different Planting Models of Ningza No.21

Ningza No.21, a new hybrid rapeseed cultivar, was used as the test mate-rial in this study. The common planting models in large-scale production （3 trans-planting models and 2 direct-seeding models） were adopted. Based on the high-yield cultivation, the yield and economic benefits of different planting models were investi-gated. ln addition, the labor costs, agricultural production materials costs and agri-cultural machinery costs of different planting model were analyzed to explore the low-costs and high-economic benefits planting model. The results showed the yields of the 5 planting models were al relatively high with average yield of 3 282.30 kg/hm2, ranging from 2 899.50 to 3 642.00 kg/hm2. Although the average yield and output value of transplanting models were higher than that of direct-seedling models by 429.25 kg/hm2 and 2 189.18 yuan/hm2 respectively, the production costs of trans-planting models were higher than that of direct-seedling model by 2 098.81 yuan/hm2 and the economic benefits were basical y equal. Among the costs of rapeseed pro-duction, the labor costs accounted for more than 60%. ln the labor costs, the har-vesting labor costs represented about 50%. Therefore, under current production con-ditions, the direct seeding and mechanized harvesting should be adopted in the rapeseed production to reduce production costs and improve economic benefits.