四川省茄子品种资源黄萎病抗性鉴定评价

目的]开展茄子品种资源黄萎病抗性的田间鉴定研究，为茄子抗病育种提供科学依据。方法]供试茄子材料为2001年以来从四川省各地收集到的35份茄子资源。从田间采集黄萎病病株，从中分离纯化出茄子黄萎病菌，经鉴定，引起茄子发生黄萎病的病原菌为大丽轮枝孢。选择生长旺盛、产孢量大的茄子黄萎病菌株V6作供试病原菌。采用伤根接菌法对茄子品种资源进行统一标准的抗黄萎病性鉴定。在黄萎病发病盛期，调查各茄子品种资源材料的黄萎病发病植株症状，记载病株显症叶片数、病斑颜色、叶片是否有脱落、卷枯等。当感病对照的病情指数达40左右时，调查各茄子品种资源材料的发病情况，并计算发病株率和病情指数以确定各材料的抗性型。结果]收集到的四川茄子品种资源对黄萎病具有较好的抗病性。在35份茄子品种资源中，属于抗黄萎病的有242-90P、41—1和35-R5等10份，黄萎病病情指数介于15．71～19．59，占总鉴定材料的28．57％；属于耐黄萎病的有68×47、紫早茄和32—1等23份，病情指数介于21．15-33．18，占总鉴定材料的65．71％；属于感黄萎病类型的有2份，占总数的5．71％。通过鉴定评价，推荐了41—1、35-R5和47-R11等5个抗病材料以及EF5、EF62个耐病高产材料，被育种单位利用后已转育出EF991等抗病品种。结论]通过分析品种资源的抗病性，明确了四川省茄子资源的抗性水平和今后抗病育种方向，为茄子抗病育种提供了技术指导。

Resistance Evaluation of Eggplant Resources to Verticillium wilt in Sichuan Province

Objective] Aimed to lay a scientific foundation for eggplant resistant breeding, the resistant field identification of eggplant resources to Verticillium wilt was carried out. Method] Test materials were 35 eggplant resources, which were collected from various places in Sichuan province since 2001. These eggplant resources were made resistance evaluation to Verticillium wilt by watering injured roots with Verticillium dahliae spore suspension. Result] The eggplant resources had good resistance to Verticillium wilt. Among 35 evaluated resources, 10 resources like 242-9OP, 41-1,35-R5, etc. were resistant, while 23 resources like 68 ×47, Zizaoqie, 32-1, etc. were tolerant. Some resistant resources like 41-1,35-R5, 47-R1, etc. had been transferred into new resistant varieties like EF9910, etc. by breeding institutes. Conclusion] The resistant level and future resistance breeding direction of eggplant resources in Sichuan were clarified by the resistance evaluation of eggplant resources so as to provide a technical guidance for eggplant resistance breeding.