水稻体细胞无性系农艺性状播期响应指数的变异(英文)

系统研究了2个播期条件下24个水稻体细胞无性系及其1个供体亲本主要农艺性状播期响应指数(RITSD)的变异特点。RITSD有两方面的生物学涵义,其一,RITSD值大小可反映性状对播期的敏感程度:RITSD=1,表示性状对播期反应钝感,播期对性状无明显影响;RITSD愈接近1,表示性状对播期反应愈钝感,该性状受播期影响愈小,反之亦然。其二,RITSD值大小还可反映性状表型值随播期变化的趋势,RITSD1,表示性状表型值随播期推迟而变小;RITSD1,表示性状表型值随播期推迟而变大。主要结论如下:①株高、着粒密度、每穗实粒数、每穗着粒数及单株粒重5个性状的RITSD均值相对较大(大于1),对播期反应较敏感,其性状值随播期推迟而增大;而播始天数、单株穗数、穗长、结实率及千粒重RITSD均值相对较小。②体细胞无性系各性状RITSD均发生了遗传变异,但不同性状间RITSD的变异频率及变异方向有较大差异:始播天数和株高的RITSD变异频率较高,而穗长的RITSD变异的机率较低;株高及千粒重的RITSD值变小,而单株穗数、穗长、着粒密度、每穗实粒数、每穗着粒数及结实率的RITSD值变大,播始天数和单株粒重RITSD的变异方向为双向变异。③供试的24个体细胞无性系中,有20个株系与供体亲本RITSD呈显著差异,RITSD的变异率达83.3%,但约75%的体细胞无性系仅1～2个性状的RITSD发生了显著变异。④聚类分析表明,体细胞无性系农艺性状RITSD存在不同的变异组合。

RITSD Analysis of the Agronomic Traits of Somaclonal in Rice

Objective]The aim was to study the sensitive response characteristics of the main agronomic traits of somaclonal and the variation of sensitive response of the lines of somaclonal to sowing date. Method]The RITSD changing of agronomic traits was studied by using 24 rice somaclonal and its donor parent under two sowing dates. Result]The average values of RITSD were higher （over one） for the traits of pant height （PH）,density of spikelets （DS）,filled spikelets per panicle （FSP）,spikelets per panicle （SP） and grain weight per plant （GWP）,but lower for days of sowing to heading （DSH）,effective panicles （EP）,panicle length （PL）,seed setting rate （SS） and 1 000-grain weight （1 000-GW）. These showed that PH,DS,FSP,SP and GWP were easily affected by sowing date and tended to higher with the later sowing; the RITSD of somaclonal changed with the agronomic traits. The frequency of RITSD＇ variation of DSH and PH was higher than that of PL. The RITSD＇ value of EP,PL,DS,FSP,SP and SS became higher,and higher or lower for DSH and GWP in different somaclonal; compared with the donor,20 of 24 was significantly different,and the frequency of RITSD variation was over 83. 3%,however,RITSD of the most lines （75%） changed only for 1-2 characters; cluster analysis showed that the RITSD of agronomic traits belonged to different combinations of somaclonal in rice. Conclusion]the study had provided a theoretical basis for the screening and using of the somaclonal.