多年生黑麦草成熟种子愈伤组织的诱导和植株再生（摘要）

目的]探索多年生黑麦草的愈伤组织诱导和植株再生,为多年生黑麦草的转基因研究奠定基础。方法]以多年生黑麦草成熟种子为外植体,施以浓度不同的外源激素,探讨不同激素组合对愈伤组织诱导、继代培养以及植株分化的影响。愈伤组织诱导以MS培养基为基础培养基,添加300 mg/L水解酪蛋白,300 mg/L脯氨酸,300 mg/L谷氨酰胺,并附加不同浓度2,4-D（2、4、5、8、10 mg/L）和6-BA（0.025、0.100、0.200、0.300、0.400、0.500 mg/L）,pH值调节至5.8。继代培养基为MS＋2,4-D减半的诱导培养基。愈伤组织分化以MS培养基为基础培养基,添加300 mg/L水解酪蛋白,300 mg/L脯氨酸,300 mg/mL谷氨酰胺,并附加不同浓度6-BA（0.50、1.0、2.0、3.0 mg/L）,pH值调节至5.8。结果]黑麦草在附加了8 mg/L2,4-D和0.025 mg/L6-BA的MS培养基中诱导率最高,达56.42%。愈伤组织经过2～3次继代后分化,分化培养附加2.0 mg/L6-BA,分化率最高,达34.14%,且愈伤组织继代后的状态明显影响分化率,带有毛状根的愈伤组织分化能力明显低于表面光洁的愈伤组织。在大量元素减半的MS培养基中附加0.5 mg/L NAA进行生根培养,生根率达98%。结论]建立了高频的遗传再生体系,移栽成活率可达98%。

Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Mature Seeds of Perennial Ryegrass

Objective The aim was to explore callus induction and plant regeneration of perennial ryegrass, as well as provide the foundation for transgenic research on perennial ryegrass. Methed] Mature seeds of perennial ryegrass were used as explants to study the effects of different hormone compositions on callus induction, proliferation and plant differentiation. Result The result showed that the induction rate achieved its highest on 2,4-D of 8 mg/L combining with 6-BA of 0.025 mg/L, which was up to 56.42%. Callus were differentiated after two to three generations, the highest differentiation rate 34.14% was achieved in the medium contained MS medium with 6-BA of 2 mg/L, and the differentiation rate was obviously affected by the callus condition after proliferation. The root inducing medium, containing 0.5 mg/L NAA and MS medium with half of macroelement, gained 98% root inducing rate. Conclusien A high frequency genetic regeneration system was established.