10种植物提取液对水稻潜根线虫的抑杀活性研究(英文)

目的]探究植物提取液对水稻潜根线虫的抑杀活性,寻找防控水稻潜根线虫病的植物源农药。方法]将川芎(根)、仙鹤草(全草)、苍耳(籽粒)、紫苏(叶)、豚草(茎叶)、大葱(根)、大蒜(块茎)、玉竹(叶)、辣蓼(全草)、小飞蓬(地上部茎叶)10种植物材料烘干、粉碎、过筛后,用乙醇作溶剂常温浸泡提取24 h后用滤纸过滤提取液定容,将获得的植物提取液稀释后,在室内测定其对水稻潜根线虫的校正死亡率。结果]川芎提取液的杀线活性较强,苍耳、仙鹤草、紫苏、大蒜、豚草提取液的杀线活性次之,杀线活性最弱的是小飞蓬提取液。结论]川芎等植物来自天然,环境相容性好,有可能成为防治水稻潜根线虫病的植物源农药。

Nematicidal Activity of Ten Kinds of Plant Extract against Hirschmanniella spp.

Objective] The nematicidal activity of plant extracts was investigated. We aimed to explore a kind of botanical pesticide to control Hirschmanniella spp. Method] The Chuanxiong （root）, agrimony （whole plant）, cocklebur （grain）, basil （leaves）, ragweed （stems and leaves）, green onion （root）, garlic （tuber）, Yuzhu （leaves）, marshpeper smartweed （whole plant）, horseweed （aboveground stems and leaves） were dried, grinded and sieved. The powders were then extracted by ethanol at room temperature for 24 h. The extract solutions were filtered through fil- ter pater. The obtained plant extracts were then diluted to determine their nematici- dal activities. Result] The Chuanxiong extract had the highest nematicidal activity, followed by cocklebur extract, agrimony extract, basil extract, garlic extract, ragweed extract. The horseweed extract had the lowest nematicidal activity. Conclusion] The Chuanxiong and other plants were natural, and they had a good environmental compatibility. They could be developed as botanical pesticides against Hirschman- niella spp.