Pollen Viability in Three Xinjiang Hawthorn Species

目的]探讨适合新疆野生山楂花粉萌发的培养基配方。以及较适的花粉贮藏温度。方法]在离体培养条件下，采用随机区组设计筛选适合花粉萌发的蔗糖和硼酸浓度；将野生山楂花粉置于不同温度下贮藏6个月，期间采用筛选出的最适培养基对花粉活力进行测定，每10d测定一次。结果]阿尔泰山楂、红果山楂、准噶尔山楂花粉萌发的较适培养基配方分别为：1％琼脂＋0.05％硼酸＋15％蔗糖，1％琼脂＋0.01％硼酸＋15％蔗糖．1％琼脂＋0.01％硼酸＋20％蔗糖。三者在各自较适培养基上的花粉萌发率分别为30.8％、58.7％、67.2％。且分别极显著高于其它处理。不同贮藏温度条件处理下，阿尔泰山楂、红果山楂、准噶尔山楂花粉在室温条件下分别保存至40、60和70d时完全失去活力；4-5℃条件下．可分别贮藏至90、130和140d时完全失去活力；-18℃条件下．可分别贮藏至130、160和170d时方完全失去活力。结论]一定浓度的蔗糖、硼酸对野生山楂花粉萌发有促进作用；不同贮藏温度下，三种野生山楂的花粉活力保持时间由长到短均为：-18℃〉4-5℃〉室温。

Pollen Viability in Three Xinjiang Hawthorn Species

Objective] The aim was to explore the most efficient medium for pollen germination and suitable pollen storage temperature for three different hawthorn species in Xinjiang, and to lay foundation for the development and utilization of wild hawthorn resources. Method] A randomized block design was adopted to select the most suitable concentrations of sucrose and boric acid in the medium for pollen germination under in vitro culture. The vitality of the pollens stored at different tem- peratures for six mouths was measured once every 10 d using the optimum medi- um selected in above steps. Result] The most efficient medium for Altai hawthorn pollen germination was 1% agar ＋ 0.05% boric acid ＋ 15% sucrose, and its germi- nation rate in this medium was 30.8%; the most suitable medium for crabapple hawthorn pollen germination was 1% agar ＋ 0.01% boric acid ＋ 15% sucrose, and its germination rate in this medium was 58.7%; and the highest germination rate of Junggar hawthorn pollen was found in the medium containing 1% agar ＋ 0.01% boric acid ＋ 20% sucrose, and the germination rate reached 67.2%. There were extremely significant differences （P〈0.01） in germination rate between these treat- ments and others in each species. The pollen vitality of Altai hawthorn, crabapple hawthorn and Junggar hawthorn were lost completely after they were stored at room temperature for 40, 60 and 70 d; at 4-5 ℃ for 90, 130, and 140 d; or at -18 ℃ for 130, 160 and 170 d. Therefore, -18 ℃ was found the most efficient storage temperature for the three hawthorn species＇ pollen among the three different stor- age temperatures. Conclusion] A certain concentration of sucrose and boric acid can promote pollen germination of the three hawthorn species. Under different stor- age temperatures, the pollen vitality of the three hawthorn species can maintain for a longer period at -18 ℃ than at 4-5 ℃, and for the shortest period at room tem- perature.