外来入侵植物蒺藜草的化感效应研究(英文)

目的]探讨外来入侵植物蒺藜草的潜在生态危害。方法]利用种子萌发法研究了不同浓度蒺藜草的水提液对3种茄科作物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果]培养5d,不同水提液处理组的番茄萌发速度指数与对照组相比无显著差异,但茄子的萌发速度指数随处理浓度的上升而显著下降;所有辣椒种子未见萌发。培养7 d,番茄根长随处理浓度上升而受到抑制,茎长和综合化感效应则表现为促进作用;所有处理组的茄子萌发率显著低于对照组,较高浓度处理组的根长、茎长和综合化感效应表现为受抑制。辣椒萌发率受明显抑制,最高浓度组完全未萌发。培养14 d,茄子的所有指标均受较明显抑制。最高处理浓度组辣椒各指标受明显抑制。结论]3种作物对蒺藜草化感物质的敏感性依次为茄子辣椒番茄,表明蒺藜草对某些作物生长产生不同程度的抑制作用,在农业生产上应注意加强防治。

Study on the Allelopathic Effects of Alien Invasive Species Cenchrus echinatus on Seed Germina- tion and Seedling Growth of Solanaceae Crops

Objective] This study aimed to investigate the potential ecological dam- ages of alien invasive species Cenchrus echinatus. Method] By using seed germi- nation method, the effects of different concentrations of C. echinatus aqueous extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of three Solanaceae crops were investigated. Result] After incubated for 5 d, no significant differences were observed in germination speed indices of Lycopersicum esculentum seeds between aqueous extract groups and control groups; germination speed indices of Solarium melongena seeds were significantly reduced with the increasing concentration of Cenchrus echinatus aqueous extracts; however, Capsicum frutescens seeds in various groups were not germinated. After incubated for 7 d, root lengths of Lycopersicum esculentum seedlings were inhibited with the increasing concentration of Cenchrus echinatus aqueous extracts, while stem lengths and comprehensive allelopathic effects were promoted; germination rates of Solanum melongena seeds in various groups were all significantly lower than control groups; root length, stem length and comprehen- sive allelopathic effects in higher concentration groups were inhibited; germination rates of Capsicum frutescens seeds were significantly inhibited, and those in the highest concentration group were not generated. After incubated for 14 d, all indica- tors of Solanum melongena were significantly inhibited; various indicators of Capsicum frutescens in the highest concentration group were significantly inhibited. Conclusion] The sensitivity of three Solanaceae crops to Cenchrus echinatus aqueous extracts presented an overall order of Solanum melongena 〉 Capsicum frutescens 〉 Lycopersicum esculentum, suggesting that Cenchrus echinatus can to some extent inhibit the growth of several crops, which should be strictly prevented and controlled in agricultural production.