锑胁迫对蔬菜叶片光合特性的影响研究（英文）

目的]探讨不同浓度梯度的锑胁迫及改良剂钙镁磷肥对苋菜、四九黄菜心、菠菜、四季青菜叶片光合特性的影响。方法]通过室外盆栽模拟试验,配置锑浓度（以Sb3＋）分别为10.00、20.00、50.00、70.00、100.00 mg/kg的土壤基质,同时设置对照锑浓度0 mg/kg,每盆加入蔬菜专用复合肥0.10 kg/kg。混匀后的土壤分为两部分,一部分添加改良剂钙镁磷肥,钙镁磷肥浓度为1.75 g/kg;另一部分不添加钙镁磷肥;待幼苗长出3片真叶后,选取长势一致的秧苗统一移栽至配好的基质中,每盆栽插幼苗8株,保持70%的田间持水量,待其生长45 d后,收获植株,用蒸馏水洗净,用于光合特性指标的测定。结果]蔬菜叶绿素相对含量（SPAD值）、净光合速率随着锑处理浓度的增加呈先升后降的趋势;蔬菜叶片的气孔导度则是随着锑胁迫浓度的增加而直线降低。结论]适量浓度改良剂—钙镁磷肥的添加,能有效提高4种蔬菜的光合特性指标值,减少重金属锑对蔬菜的毒害作用。

Effects of Antimony Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Vegetable Leaves

Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different concen- trations of antimony and modifier calcium magnesium phosphate on photosynthetic characteristics of edible amaranth, flowering Chinese cabbage, spinach and flowering Chinese cabbage. Method] By outdoor potting simulation experiment, soil matrixes containing 10.00, 20.00, 50.00, 70.00 and 100.00 mg/kg antimony （Sb3＋） were pre- pared; soil without antimony was used as control （CK）. Each pot was loaded with 0.10 kg/kg vegetable special fertilizer, mixed evenly, and divided into two shares： one share was supplemented with 1.75 g/kg modifier calcium magnesium phosphate and mixed evenly; the other share contained no calcium magnesium phosphate. Af- ter the generation of three true leaves, seedlings with uniform growth were trans- planted into the prepared soil matrixes, eights seedlings per pot. Vegetable seedlings were watered regularly to maintain 70% of field capacity. After 45 d, veg- etable plants were harvested and washed clean with distilled water for measurement of indicators of photosynthetic characteristics. Result] With the increase of antimony concentration, relative chlorophyll content （SPAD value） and net photosynthetic rate of four vegetable species increased first and then declined, while stomatal conduc- tance of vegetable leaves was linearly reduced. Conclusion] Appropriately adding modifier calcium magnesium phosphate can effectively improve the photosynthetic characteristics of four vegetable species and reduce the toxic effects of heavy metal antimony on vegetables.