不同施肥处理对复垦土壤生物活性的影响(英文)

试验采用随机区组实验设计,通过不同施肥处理对襄垣五阳煤矿的采煤沉陷区复垦土壤进行了研究,施肥方案为:空白(CK)、无机肥(C)、无机肥+菌肥(CB)、有机肥+无机肥(CM)、无机肥+有机肥+菌肥(CMB)。试验结果表明:(1)4种施肥处理均能提高土壤有机质和呼吸作用的含量,且CMB、CM及CB处理最为显著。(2)有机肥和菌肥可以显著提高土壤酶活性,不同生育期脲酶、磷酸酶含量以CMB处理最为显著,蔗糖酶含量以CM处理最显著。(3)有机肥和菌肥对于提高土壤中的微生物碳氮效果显著。CMB,CM处理的微生物碳比CB处理增加了11%～34%,比无机肥(C)处理增加了35%～63%,CMB,CM处理的微生物氮比CB处理增加了31%～51%,比C处理增加了52%～100%。在土地复垦过程中,建议以有机肥和菌肥以及无机肥的配合使用为主,其可有效增加土壤有机质,提高土壤生物活性,改善土壤微生物的环境,增加土壤养分的和土壤的熟化。

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Biological Activity of Reclaimed Soil

As per randomized block design, the research had different fertilizer treat-ments, and the organic matter, respiration, enzyme activity and microbial carbon and nitrogen in reclaimed soil were studied. Fertilization schemes were as fol ows: The treatment without fertilizers (CK), the treatment with chemical fertilizers (C), the treatment with chemical fertilizers and bacterial fertilizer (CB), the treatment with or-ganic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers (CM), and the treatment with chemical fertiliz-ers, organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer (CMB). The results showed: Four fertil-ization treatments could improve the content of soil organic matter. CMB, CM and CB could significantly improve the soil respiration. Organic fertilizer and fertilizer could significantly improve soil enzyme activity, In different growth stages the CMB treatment had highest urease and phosphatase .The most significant in the treat-ment content of sucrose was CM. Organic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer can signif-icantly improve the microbial carbon and nitrogen in soil. For the microbial biomass carbon, the CMB treatment increased by 11%-34% than CB treatment, and 35%-63% than C treatment. In terms of microbial nitrogen CMB, CM respectively in-creased by 31%-51% than CB treatment, and 52%-100% compared with C. In the process of land reclamation, we should combine the organic fertilizer, microbial fer-tilizer and inorganic fertilizer. Only in this way can soil biological activity be acceler-ated, soil microbial environment improved, and the ripening increased soil nutrient and soil cultivation be enhanced.