2006～2012年山东省审定高产小麦品种产量构成因素相关和通径分析

运用相关和通径分析方法,对2006～2012年山东省审定的38个高产小麦品种产量及其构成三因素进行了统计分析,研究了产量三因素对产量的影响及产量三因素之间的相互关系。结果表明：近7年间审定的高产小麦品种产量水平比较稳定;简单相关分析,千粒重与产量呈显著正相关,穗粒数与产量呈不显著正相关,单位面积穗数与产量呈不显著负相关,相关程度为：千粒重〉穗粒数〉单位面积穗数;偏相关分析,产量三因素均与产量呈显著或极显著正相关,而三因素之间均呈极显著负相关;产量三因素对产量的直接通径系数均为正值,大小顺序为单位面积穗数〉千粒重〉穗粒数。分析结果表明,在目前的土壤肥力和种植条件下,山东省小麦高产品种选育,应在稳定当前较高单位面积穗数的基础上,注重对粒重的选择,兼顾对穗粒数的选择,但同时一定要注意三因素的相对协调。

Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield Components of High-Yielding Wheat Varieties Approved in Shandong Province from 2006 to 2012

The yield and its 3 components of 38 high-yielding wheat varieties approved in Shandong Province from 2006 to 2012 were analyzed using correlation and path analysis methods. The effects of 3 components on yield and their correlations were studied. The results showed that the yields of high-yielding wheat varieties approved in recent 7 years were relatively stable. Through simple correlation analysis,1 000-grain weight was significantly positively correlated with yield; grain number per spike was not significantly positively correlated with yield; and panicle number per unit area was not significantly negatively correlated with yield.The correlation degree of 1 000-grain weight was higher than that of grain number per spike,and that of panicle number per unit area was the lowest. Through partial correlation analysis,the 3 yield components were significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with yield,and 3 yield components were extremely significantly negatively correlated. The direct path coefficients of 3 yield components to yield were all positive,which ranked as panicle number per unit area,1 000-grain weight and grain number per spike in order. The analysis results showed that under recent soil fertility and planting conditions on the basis of stabling current high panicle number per unit area,breeding high-yielding wheat variety in Shandong Province should focus on the selection of grain weight and consider the grain number per spike,and the relative coordination of 3components should be noticed at the same time.