黄淮麦区小麦产量构成因素效用研究

研究表明,近期育出小麦品种的理论产量与实际产量更加接近,之间的换算系数应以0.95为宜;经对新育出的品系产量构成因素与产量的相关、偏相关和通径分析表明:穗数(r=0.3389)>穗粒数(r=-0.3346)>千粒重(r=0.3256);产量构成因素与产量的直接通径系数均为正数,以穗数与之最大为0.6052,其次是千粒重为0.5198,最小的是穗粒数为0.1988;间接通径系数均为负数,又一次说明了三个产量构成因素的负相关性。根据上述分析及本地区小麦生态条件的特点,提出黄淮麦区小麦高产育种策略应增加有效分蘖数,稳定千粒重,挖掘穗粒数的潜力。

Study on the Yield Components of Wheat in Huang-huai Region

The field experiment datas of different years and different wheat cultivars in Henan province were used in this paper.The results showed that the theoretical yields of new wheat cultivars were more approach to the real yields,and their conversion index should be 0.95.The correlation between yield components and yield was spike number>grain numbers per spike>1000-grain weight.The most direct path coefficient was the spike number(0.6052), and the next were 1000-grain weight(0.5198) and grain numbers per spike(0.1988).The indirect path coefficients of them were all negative,which indicated the negative correlation between three yield components.Based on the analysis and the ecological conditions in Huang-huai Region,the wheat high-yield breeding strategies should be increasing the effective tiller,stabilizing 1000-grain weight and excavating the potential of grain numbers per spike.