夏玉米高产规律的研究——Ⅱ.氮、磷、钾养分的积累与分配

本文研究了夏玉米在亩产975公斤的产量水平下,地上部植株不同部位中氮、磷、钾营养元素的积累量和积累速度变化,以及氮、磷、钾在各部位中的分配与转移情况.结果表明,成熟时N、P_2O_5和K_2O的积累量分别为18.2,4.9和17.1公斤/亩,三者的比例为3.7:1:3.48,生产百公斤籽粒所需N、P_2O_5、K_2O的量分别为1.87,0.50和1.75公斤.N、P_2O_5、K_2O的最高积累速度分别为405,109和597克/亩·天,成熟时籽粒中的氮、磷、钾分配比率分别为64.4%,76,4%和20.4%.

STUDIES ON HIGH-YIELD REGULARITY OF SUMMER MAIZE——Ⅱ.ACCUMULATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM

The contents,accumulation rates,distribution and translocation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the aboveground parts of plant of summer maize ( Zea mays L.) grown in sand-loam soil and having yield level of 975 kg/mu (14625 kg/ha) were studied. The results showed that N, P_2O_5 and K_2O in aboveground parts accumulated up to 18.2, 4.9 and 17.1 kg/mu at the stage of grain maturation, with the ratio 3.7:1:3.48, and their peak accumulation rates were 405, 109 and 597 kg/mu·d, respectively. Amounts of N, P_2O_5 and K_2O needed for production of 100 kg grain were 1.87, 0.50 and 1.75 kg, respectively, At maturity, the grain contained 64.4, 76.4 and 20.4% of total N, P_2O_5 and K_2O in the plant, respectively.The experiment indicated that, for obtaining high yield, the greater part of fertilizers should be applied in vegetative period,especially potassium must be concentratively applied ealier.